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The last king is expelled and Rome is now ruled by senators. There is a constitution with laws and Rome becomes a complex republican government.
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To bring water to their cities, the clever Romans built aqueducts – a system of channels and bridges – to transport water for public baths and toilets!
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Julius Caesar defeats Pompey in a civil war. He becomes the supreme ruler of Rome. This is the end of the Roman Republic. He hires Sosigenes, an Egyptian astronomer, to work out a new 12 month calendar.
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Julius Caesar is assassinated on the Ides of March by Marcus Brutus. They hope to bring back the republic, but civil war breaks out instead.
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Cicero, a Roman Senator and philosopher, is murdered by Mark Antony.
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Octavius appoints himself "Augustus", which means the first emperor.
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Pax Romana or “Roman Peace”: a period of law and stability enforced by the Roman army and Roman law
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When the pax romana ended the barbarians, vandals, huns and goths sacked the empire in the 4th century. And people went back to fighting and wars
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Tunics are two pieces of woollen fabric sewn together at the sides and shoulders, with openings for your arms and head they were the most common clothes in Rome. Some Romans also wore togas – a kind of woollen shawl – to show how wealthy they were.
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A great Fire destroys much of Rome. Nero accuses Christians of starting the fire.
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The Colesseum was origiannaly called The Flavian Amphitheatre but it grew from the custom of wealthy Romans holding funeral games to honor the dead. Eventually the Gladiatorial Games were seen as a method to please the Roman gods and goddesses and avert Rome from disaster. So they changed the name and its use.
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It is a Roman temple dedicated to all the gods of pagan Rome.
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The Roman Empire reached its greatest extent under Trajan, the second in this line. A period of increasing trouble and decline began with the reign of Commodus.
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Constantine was christian and he wanted veryone who was to not have to pretend they were not.
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Byzantium is renamed Constantinople (Istanbul today) and established as the center of the Eastern or Byzantine Empire
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Christianity became the state church of the Roman Empire with the Edict of Thessalonica in 380 AD, when Emperor Theodosius I made it the Empire's sole authorized religion.
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Roman Empire is officially split into the Western Roman Empire (capital Rome) and the Eastern or Byzantine Roman Empire (capital Constantinople).
