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Many European nations saw Africa as a source of raw materials and a market for industrial products. These nations began to trade with these countries, and then eventually they began to seize the vast areas of Africa.
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Gossip spread among thr sepoys that their rifle cartridges were greased with pork and cow fat. The HIndus consider the cow sacred, and the Muslims do not eat pork. THis upset them, and they refused to use their rifles. THe British put the sepoys in jail and the next day a rebellion occurred. THe sepoys marched down to Delhi and captured the city. THe British fought them and won, and took control of India. The time period when Britain controlled India is called the Raj.
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French money from private interest groups and Egypytian labor helped construct the Suez Canal. The project became more expensive than Isma'il had originally thought and Egypt couldnt pay the French even the interest they owed them. The British then came in and oversaw their financial control and took control of Egypt.
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THe competition to colonize Africa was so fierce that some Europeans countries feared war. The Berlin Conference laid down the rules of how a European country could claim land. THe Europeans divided the continent with little thought on how the Africans felt
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The Queen pushed for a new constitution that would give her more power and restore political power of Hawaiians at the expense of wealthy plantation owners. She was removed from power and Sanford Dole was then named the president of the Republic of Hawaii. He was able to get Hawaii annexed by the US.
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Menelik II built up a large arsenal of modern weapons from RUssia and France. He discovered a difference between the Italian and Ethiopian treaty he was signing with Italy. He believed he was giving up land to Italy, and declared war. Italy was defeated and Ethiopia remained an independent nation
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THe US acquired the Philppines, Puerto Rico, and GUam after the SPanish-American War. Gaining the Philippines touched off a debate in the US over imperialism. President McKinley wanted the US to educate and Christianize them. Emilio Aguinaldo claimed the US had promised them independence and established the Philippine Republic. US defeated the Filipino nationalists and set up roads, railroads, schools, and hospitals.
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THe first settlers in South Africa were called the BOers, and they were Dutch. THe BOers took the Africans' land and built farms.When the British took over the Cape Colony, the Boers clashed over British policy regarding land and slaves. Diamonds and gold were discovered in SOuth Africa and everyone rushed to make their fortune. THe BOers tried to make these outsiders not gain politcal rights. THe Boers blamed the British and fought them. Britain won and controlled their union of south africa.
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European colonial rule forevered altered Africans' lives. Africans lost thier land and independence. Many died of disease anf famine. Tradition was lost and borders created problems for the nations that evolved from former colonies. On the positive side, colonization helped Africas economy growth. Lifespan and literacy rates improved.
