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324
Byzantium and Western Roman Empire (span) C.E. 130–475
Roman Emperor of East defeated by Roman Emperor of the West, Constantine (first Christian emperor); Byzantium renamed Constantinople & built up by Constantine. -
476
Byzantine Empire
Constantinople considered capital of Byzantine Empire after Rome falls -
Period: 476 to
Byzantine Empire
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527
Byzantine Empire
Constantinople further built up by Emperor Justinian I (e.g., Hagia Sophia, major Christian church; codification of Roman laws) -
Period: 565 to
Byzantine Empire
city increasingly Greek in nature -
Period: 570 to Oct 20, 632
Muhammad
lays the foundation for the establishment and spread of Islam -
Period: Nov 18, 601 to
Byzantine Empire
many Arab (Muslim) sieges of city; Byzantine Empire shrunken -
Oct 20, 750
Qur'an goes into print
Muslim bookmakers begin printing the Qur'an and volumes of poetry and prose. Islam and the Arabic language spread dramatically -
Oct 20, 750
Muslim use of water power and paper
Muslims begin using water power for making paper, and constructing canals for transportation and irrigation. -
Period: Oct 20, 750 to Oct 20, 1250
Islamic Golden Age
Islamic culture flourishes as the Golden Age of cooperation between Jews and Muslims in medieval Spain promotes creativity in art, literature, and science. -
Period: Nov 18, 1001 to Nov 18, 1200
Post Byzantine Empire
city and empire hurt by Crusades -
Oct 21, 1054
The Great Schism
A schism, a break leads to two separate Christian churches: Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox -
Nov 18, 1054
Post Byzantine Empire
The Great Schism- break between Rome (papacy) and Constantinople (Greek Orthodox) -
Oct 21, 1066
Feudalism starts in England
William the Conqueror introduces feudalism to England -
Period: Oct 20, 1096 to Oct 20, 1291
A Series of Crusades
Muslims begin using water power for making paper, and constructing canals for transportation and irrigation. -
Nov 18, 1204
Post Byzantine Empire
city taken by Crusaders -
Oct 21, 1215
The Magna Carta
King John puts his seal to the Magna Carta- the first limit on the King's absolute power is established -
Nov 18, 1401
Post Byzantine Empire
Byzantine land in Asia taken by Ottoman Turks -
Nov 18, 1453
Post Byzantine Empire
city of Constantinople taken by Ottoman Turks (Mehmet, or Muhammad, II); renamed Istanbul, made capital of Ottoman Empire, and revived as center of learning and religious tolerance. -
Oct 20, 1492
The Reconquista
The Spanish conquer Granada, the last Muslim-held city in Spain, after a centuries-long effort to reassert Christian control there. -
Period: Nov 18, 1520 to Nov 18, 1566
Post Byzantine Empire
under Sultan Suleiman I, city at its height -
lowercase letters
The Scholars in Charlemagne's schools begin to write with lowercase letters. -
Byzantium and Western Roman Empire
Byzantium named by Roman Emperor Diocletian as a new center of Roman
Empire with power split between Rome (West) and Byzantium (East) -
Period: to
Post Byzantine Empire
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Period: to
Post Byzantine Empire
glory of city regained under Emperor Basil I; revival of learning (art and literature: older Greek models); major invasion by Turks -
Period: to 475
Byzantium and Western Roman Empire