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Aztecs found Tenochtitlán
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Montezuma becomes Aztec emperor.
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Cortés conquers Aztec empire.
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Francisco Pizarro invades and conquers the Inca empire in Peru.
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This ceremonial goblet from Cuzco shows a jaguar, sacred to the Inca.
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Jesuit state of Paraguay is established.
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Viceroy is recalled to Spain after rioting in Mexico City by Indians
and others. -
Santiago, Chile, is destroyed by an earthquake.
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Spanish establish viceroyalty of New Granada, encompassing all territory between Orinoco and Amazon rivers.
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Spain and Portugal resolve disputes about colonies in South
America. -
Peruvian Indians rebel against Spain.
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Two massive Aztec sculptures are dug up in Mexico City.
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Simón Bolívar leads many countries of South America in their fight for independence from Spain.
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Mexico declares independence from Spain.
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United States wins Mexican- American War.
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Peace treaty fixes frontier between Argentina and Chile along the ridge of the Andes.
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Pancho Villa helps lead the Mexican revolution.
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Juan Perón is elected president of Argentina.
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Vicente Fox is elected president of Mexico.
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Alberto Fujimori resigns as president of Peru.
