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Austria formed a dual monarchy with Hungary
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dual alliance created between Germany & Austria
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Italy joined the dual alliance
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war between the British Empire & the Boer Republics over who had control over southern Africa
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passed by the Reichstag
raised tariffs on agricultural imports to Germany
difficult to repeal -
Britain & Spain accepted French control over Morocco
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Germany used this as a way to break French & British friendships
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Britain & Germany had a naval arms race to see who could have more dreadnoughts
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formed with Britain, Russia, & France
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revolution in the Ottoman Empire
force Sultan Abdul Hamid II to restore the Ottoman Constitution & recall parliament -
Balkan League: Serbia, Bulgaria, Greece, Montenegro
aimed to drive Turks from Europe
BL attacked Turkey leading to the Balkan Wars
Bulgaria declared war on Greece & Serbia but Romania & Turkey helped them win
Turkey expelled from Europe -
between the Balkan League, Austria-Hungary, Germany, Russia, & Italy
to adjust the borders of countries after the 1st Balkan War
ended the 1st Balkan War -
signed by the Balkan League
ended the 2nd Balkan War
amended the agreements made in the Treaty of London -
Austria's Archduke Franz Ferdinand assassinated by Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip
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Germany issued a Blank Cheque to Austria following the assassination stating that they would back them up if they decided to go to war with Serbia
because of this Russia mobilized as Serbia was their only connection to the Middle East and they needed to preserve it -
Austria gave Serbia an ultimatum they knew they wouldn't accept leading to the start of the war
Austria felt comfortable to do this because of the Blank Cheque & Germany's support -
a series of preplanned offensives by Germany to attack France by going through Belgium
brought Belgium into the war -
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between the UK, France, & Russia & Italy to entice Italy to enter WWI on the side of the Triple Entente
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Lusitania sunk killing 128 US passengers
caused the US to enter the war -
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operation Michael/ March 21st
last ditch effort for Germany to win the war