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The battle between France and Prussia that lasted from 1870 to 1871 ended with a humiliating defeat for France.
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The outcome of the war against the Japanese was a major blow for the Russians who lost almost entire Baltic and Pacific fleet.
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The Tangler Crisis (1905-1906) and Agadir Crisis (1911) brought the European powers on the brink of war.
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In 1907 Britain entered into an alliance with Russia that was already in alliance with France.
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Austria-Hungary decided to annex Bosnia and Herzegovina that was formally an integral part of the Ottoman Empire
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It did not pose any major threat to peace in Europe but the Turkish defeat revealed the weakness of the Ottoman army
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Serbia, Greece, Montenegro and Bulgaria formed the Balkan League, a military alliance against the Ottoman Empire.
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On June 28 1914 a group of conspirators from the revolutionary movement called Mlada Bosna carried out the assassination of the Austro-Hungarian heir Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife while they were visiting Sarajevo.
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Gavrilo Princip assassinates Franz Ferdinand.
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Austria-Hungary presented an ultimatum to Serbia however intentionally imposed impossible demands to Serbia in order to be able to declare war on its neighbor
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Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia
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Ottoman Empire and Germany sign a secret treaty of alliance.
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Germany declares war on France.
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Germany invades Belgium, leading Britain to declare war on Germany
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Austria-Hungary invades Russia.
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The sinking of the Lusitania during the First World War as Germany waged submarine warfare against the United Kingdom the ship was identified and torpedoed by the German U-boat U-20 and sank in 18 minutes.
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was a diplomatic proposal from the German Empire offering a military alliance with Mexico,