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Period: to
Mergence of the German Empire and the Alliance System
The new German nation and countries forming alliances and pagues with each other across Europe. -
Period: to
Expansion of Eurpean Power and New Imperialism
European Nation states that imperialized Africa and become the most advanced part of the world, creating a global trading system. -
New Imperialism
Expansion driven by developments in science, agriculture, technolohy, communication, transportation, and military weapons. -
European Culture and Christianity
Bring culture in the form religion would make these regions less "backwards"; Colonies would attract Europe's surplus population; European emigrant actually preferred areas not controlled by their home countries in North and South America -
Economic Theories by J.A. Hobson and Lenin
This theory viewed imperialism as a monopolistic for of capitalism. -
Depression of 1873-1896
A dperession that affected mostly Europe and The United States. -
Threee Emperors League
Bismark formed the Three Emperors League which brought together Germany, Austria, and Russia, but the league would collapse because of Austria and Russian rivalry in the Balkans. -
Congress of Berlin
Resulted in Russia significant loss of terriotry and a new tension arose between Germany Russia. -
Raw Materials
Materials that came from colonies in Africa, India, and China. These materials consisted of things like diamonds and silk. -
Dual Alliance
Germany and Austria signed the Dual Alliance where they would protect each other if either country was attacked by Russia. -
Franco-Russian Alliance in 1894
New Alliances led to the Franco-Russian alliance of 1894 and a new tension arose between Britain and Germany. -
Triple Alliance
Triple Alliance Entente Britain, France and Russia was now posed against the Triple Alliance of Germny, Ausria and Italy -
Triple Entente
Britain concluded agreements with the French in 1902 known as the Entente Cordaiale. -
Balkan Crisis
Both Serbia and Austria-Hungary wanted to expand into the a Balkans. This led to tension between Russia and Germany. -
Morocco Crisis
A second crisis in Morocco occured in 1911 when Germany portested French occupation of the region; Germnay Sent the Panther gunboat to protect German interests; Negotiations allowed France to stablish a protectorate in Morocco and gave Germany some land in the French Congo; Increase of British fear and hostility toward Germany and a closer alliance with France -
Period: to
WWI
A war that broke out in Europe form tensions and was faought all around the world. -
Assassination of Arch Duke Ferdinand
Archduke Ferdinand dies by assassination; Austrian heir to the throne was killed by a Bosnian nationlism would spur the outbreak of war; Serbia's involvement with the plot provoed outrage in Europe; Germany agreed to supoort Austria in an attack on Serbia and war was declared in July but did not begin until August. -
March 1917 overthrow of tasarist government
A Russian Revolution overthrew the tsarist government of Nicholas II. -
Duma
Stikes worker demonstrations erupted, the tsar abdicated, the government fell to the members of the reconvened Duma. -
The Bolshevik wing
The Social Democratic party had been working agianst the provisional government; Vladimir Lenin Demanded that political powers got the soviets which were councils of workers and soldiers controlled by the Menshevik wing, a group of orthodox Marxist -
Bolshevik rule of Russia
Vladimir Lenin took power over Russia. -
Period: to
The Russia Revolution
Revolution against the current Tsars. -
Little Entente
Czechoslovakia, Romania, and Yugoslavia formed the LIttle Entente, and allaince designed to prevent the revision of the Paris Treaty -
Treaty of Versailles
Talks held by every nation in the war except the soviet union and Germany -
League of Nations
A league that would join together like a modern day U.N. -
Fourteen point plan
Germany agreet to accept defeat and sought peace, and included a creation of the league of Nations -
Benito Mussolini
rose up (in response to the threat of Bolshevism) as a fascist- a term used to describe right wing dictators that arose between wars. -
Labour government
A socialistic in platform but democratic and non-revolutionary -
Europe's loss of financia dominance
Numerous post-war economic problems brought on because of the numerious casualties of war. -
Changes in market and tade conditions
The reparations and debt structure of the peace made all European nations uncertain. -
Communist Party in Soviet Union
The Bolshevik gains in Russia Resulted in the Communist Party in the Soviet Union; Communist leaders sought to spread their idealogy around the world -
Black Shirt March
Fascist marched on Rome led to Mussolini becoming Prime Minister. -
Facist
Facist movements were nationalistic -
Emergence of United States
United States had become less dependednt on European production and was a major competitor. -
Role of Union in Governments
Unions played a greater role in government because of wartime prodcution. -
Fear of Communisim
Fear of Communism and resolve to stop it spread became a major force in United States and Europe ( Red Scares) -
Cheka
a new secrete police -
Comintern and consequences for rest of Europe
Divided the political left; created a vacuum of power for right wing politicians; Led to rise of Fascists and Nazis -
Joseph Stalin
Had a right wing view that was oposite of Leon Trotsky -
Leon Trotsky
A left wing man that spoke for agricultural collectivization, rapid industrialization, and new revolution in other states -
War Communism
Bolsheviks took control of all major industries and financial and transportation -
Nikolai Bukharin
manipulated the group called continuation of Lenin;s NEP and slow industrialization -
Reperations and war debts
made international trade, capital investment, and day to day business difficult -
Long year monatorium
payments of international debt (huge blow to French Economy -
German Nationalism
An idea that was used by Adolf Hitler -
National Governmet
coalition ministry, National Government, which consisted of Labour, Conservative, and Liberal ministers -
Adolf Hitler
arrived on the political scene around the time French occupation of the Ruhr sent inflation soaring, enemployment spead thoughout Germany -
Anti-Semitist
An ideal used by Adolf Hitler -
Rapid Industrialization
A rapid movement to industrial the country -
Important Duties Bills
10% tax on imports except those from British Empire -
Popular Front
all left wing parties in France was formed as a means of pressing social and political reform. -
Great Purges
a new party structure completely subservient to Stalin