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Legend said that the twin sons of Mars (Roman god of war), Romulus and Remus, had found Rome. Romulus had killed Remus, and became sole ruler of Rome, which he named after himself. Rome was ruled by kings for the following 240 years.
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The last king was overthrown and Rome was then ruled by elected officials known as senators. They formed a constitution with laws and complex republican government.
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Hannibal had led the Carthage army in his famous crossing of the Alps to attack Rome. This had been a part of the Second Punic war.
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Spartacus, a Roman gladiator, led the slaves into an uprising.
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Caesar made his famous Crossing of the Rubicon and defeats Pompey in a civil war to become the supreme ruler of Rome. This signalled the end of the Roman republic.
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Caesar Augustus became the first Roman emperor, which signalled the beginning of the Roman Empire.
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Legend says that the Emperor Nero had watched the city burn whilst playing a lyre.
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The Colosseum, one of the best examples of Roman engineering, was finished. It's said that it could seat 50,000 spectators.
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TO keep out the barbarians, a long wall (the Hadrian Wall) was built across northern England
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Constantine had converted Rome to Christianity, and Rome would have then become a Christian empire. Prior to this, Rome persecuted the Christians.
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Theodosius I declared Christianity to be the only and sole religion of the Roman Empire.
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Rome splits from one to two separate empires.
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The Visigoths sack Rome, and this was the first time in 800 years that the city of Rome had fallen to an enemy.
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The Western Roman Empire fell, and so did Ancient Rome. The last Roman Emperor, Romulus Augustus, was defeated by German Goth Odoacer. This signalled the beginning of the Dark Ages in Europe.
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The Byzantine Empire ends as it falls to the Ottoman Empire.