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INHERITED THE THRONE. HE SEEMED OPEN TO LIBERAL IDEAS HOWEVER. AS THE NEW CZAR, HE EASED CENSORSHIP AND PROMOTED EDUCATION. ALSO HE TALKED ABOUT FREEING THE SERFS.
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ALEXANDER HAD DRAWN BACK FROM REFORM. LIKE EARLIER CZARS, HE FEARED LOSING THE SUPPORT OF NOBLES.
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HIS DEATH IS A MYSTERY AS NO ONE TRULY KNOWS HOW ALEXANDER I DIED. THE MOST USED OF HIS DEATHE RUMORS IS THAT HE CAUGHT A SEVERE COLD THAT LATER TURNED INTO TYPHUS AND DIED OF IT SHORTLY AFTER IN THE CITY OF TAGANROG.
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LED BY A GROUP OF ARMY OFFICERS. WHILE FIGHTING THEY PICKED UP LIBERAL IDEAS. NICHOLAS I USED POLICE SPIES TO HUNT OUT VRITICS. MANY RUSSIANS WITH LIBERAL OR REVOLUTIONARY IDEAS WERE JUDGED TO BE INSANE AND SHUT UP IN MENTAL HOSPITALS.
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CAME INTO THRONE DURING THE CRIMEAN WAR. AFTER RUSSIA TRIED TO SEIZE OTTAMAN LANDS ALONG THE DANUBE, THE WAR BROKE OUT. THE WAR ENDED IN A RUSSIAN DEFEAT. IT REVEALED THE COUNTRY'S BACKWARDNESS.
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ALEXANDER II ISSUED A ROYAL DECREE THAT REQUIRED EMANCIPATION, OR FREEING THE SERFS. BUT WITH FREEDOM BRUGHT PROBLEMS.
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A SYSTEM OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT USED IN A NUMBER OF REGIONS IN THE EUROPEAN PART OF RUSSIA FROM 1864 TO 1918. THE CZAR ALSO INTRODUCED LEGAL REFORMS BASED ON IDEAS SUCH AS TRAIL BY JURY. A SOLDER'S TERM OF SERVICE WAS REDUCED FROM 25 YEARS TO 15.
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LAUNCHES A PROGRAM OF RUSSIFICATION AIMED AT SUPPRESSING THE CULTURES OF NON-RUSSIAN PEOPLES WITHIN THE EMPIRE. HE INSISTED ON ONE LANGUAGE, RUSSIAN, AND ONE CHURCH, THE RUSSIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH. UNDER ALEX III PERSECUTION OF RUSSIAN JEWS INCREASED. OFFICIAL PERSECUTION ENCOURAGED POGROMS, OR VIOLENT MOB ATTACKS ON JEWS.
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ON A COLD DAY, TERRORISTS HURLED TWO BOMBS AT ALEXANDER'S CARRIAGE. ONE STRUCK DOWN SEVERAL GUARDS. THE SECOND KILLED THE LEADER KNOWN TO SOME AS THE "CZAR EMANCIPATOR".
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RUSSIA FINALLY ENTERED THE INDUSTRIAL AGE. COUNT SERGE WITTE, FINANCE MINISTER TO NICHOLAS, FOCUSED ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT. HE ALSO ENCOURAGED RAILROAD BUILDING TO CONNECT IRON AND COAL MINES WITH FACTORIES TO TRANSPORT GOODS ALL ACROSS RUSSIA. LOANS FROM FRANCE HELPED BUILD THE TRANS-SIBERIAN RAILROAD.
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RUSSIA DELCARED WAR BECAUSE THEY NEEDED A WARM WATER POT AND THOUGHT IT WOULD BE A "QUICK VICTORY" TO REGAIN RESPECT. HOWEVER, IN THE END RUSSIA WAS DEFEATED AND SUFFERED ONE HUMILIATING DEFEAT AFTER ANOTHER
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BLOODY SUNDAY WAS A MASSCRE THAT TOOK PLACE IN RUSSIA'S RED SQAURE. THE CZAR HAD DESERTED HIS PALACE AND LEFT THE RUSSIAN PEOPLE TO FEND FOR THEMSELVES. RUSSIAN TROOPS ENCASED RED SQUARE AND OPENED FIRE ON ANY MOVING TARGET. THIS EVENT MARKED A LOSS OF ORTHODOX FAITH AND OF TRUST IN THE CZAR.
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IN THE MONTHS THAT FOLLOWED BLOODY SUNDAY, DISCONTENT EXPLODED ACROSS RUSSIA. EVEN STRIKES MULTIPLIED. WORKERS TOOK OVER LOCAL GOVERNMENTS IN SOME CITIES. MINORITY NATIONALITIES CALLED FOR AUTONOMY FROM RUSSIA.
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IT ADDRESSED THE UNREST IN RUSSIA AND PLEDGED TO GRANT CIVIL LIBERTIES TO THE PEOPLE: INCLUDING PERSONAL IMMUNITY, FREEDOM OF RELIGION AND FREEDOM OF SPEECH. HE AGREED TO SUMMON A DUMA, OR ELECTED NATIONAL LEGISLATURE.
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HE WAS ASSASSINATED FOR NOT MEETING THE RUSSIANS NEEDS.
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WHEN REVOLUTION BROKE OUT IN RUSSIA IN 1917, HE LED THE BOLSHEVIKS TO CONTROL THE GOVERNMENT. LENIN HAD COMPLETE POLITICAL CONTROL OVER THE UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS. HE USED LENIN AS A ALIAS, OR FAKE NAME.
