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Muhammad was born in Mecca. http://www.pbs.org/muhammad/timeline_html.shtml
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Muhammad recieves his first revelation. http://www.pbs.org/muhammad/timeline_html.shtml
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Muhammad's flight to Medina was to escape persecutions by the Umayyads. http://www.pbs.org/muhammad/timeline_html.shtml
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Muhammad was in control of a large part of Arabia. http://www.pbs.org/muhammad/timeline_html.shtml
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Muhammad died suddenly after a brief illness. http://www.pbs.org/muhammad/timeline_html.shtml
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Caliphs who truly followed in the prophets foot steps http://www.missionislam.com/knowledge/The%20Rightly-Guided%20Caliphs.htm
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Led to the end of the Sasanian Empire and the eventual decline of the Zoroastrian religion in Iran. http://www.iranchamber.com/history/islamic_conquest/islamic_conquest.php
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Words were collected as they were revealed to the prophet Muhammad. http://islam.about.com/od/quran/a/Compilation-Of-The-Quran.htm
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•Ali becomes the fourth caliph after his predecessor is assassinated. Some among the Muslims rebel against him. Shi’as believed that the leadership should belong to stay within the family of the prophet Muhammad. The next in line was Ali, Muhammad’s cousin and son-in-law. Sunnis believed that the community should all choose who the leadership rightfully should fall onto. http://www.npr.org/2007/02/12/7280905/chronology-a-history-of-the-shia-sunni-split
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After Ali is assassinated, Mu'awiya becomes the fifth Muslim caliph, establishing the Umayyad dynasty.
With the entire middle east under their control, the Arabs make Damascus the capital of the Umayyad caliphate in 670. http://www.historyworld.net/timesearch/default.asp?conid=1061&bottomsort=208005&direction=NEXT&keywords=Caliphs%20timeline&timelineid= -
Muslim Arabs cross from North Africa into Spain and drive the Visigoths from Toledo. The Visigoths
establish a kingdom of last resort in the extreme north of Spain. http://www.historyworld.net/timesearch/default.asp?keywords=conquest+of+spain&sort2=&bottomsort=&topsort=&direction=&timelineid=&getyear=NaN&viewtext=extended&conid=timeline&event_number=20&date=711 -
The Abbasids massacre the Umayyads in Damascus and establish a new caliphate. They create Baghdad as the new capital city on the Tigris. Life here is luxury, until 1258 when Hulagu and his Mongol army reach Baghdad. It is said that 800,000 of the inhabitants are killed - and the caliph is kicked to death.
http://www.historyworld.net/timesearch/default.asp?conid=1061&bottomsort=208005&direction=NEXT&keywords=Caliphs%20timeline&timelineid -
It was founded by al-Mansur on the Tigris River. This was the beginning of the spread of Islam because they start to combine with the Persians. http://www.historyworld.net/wrldhis/PlainTextHistories.asp?ParagraphID=eds#137
http://www.saylor.org/site/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/HIST101-9.3.1-AbbasidDynasty-FINAL.pdf -
The Crusaders took hold of Jerusalem in 1099. This happened during the First Crusade. The area of Jerusalem was formerly captured by the Seljuk Turks. After reaching the city and building 3 large siege towers, the Crusaders started to penetrate Jerusalem walls. Muslims later defeat the Crusaders and regain control of Jerusalem. http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/jerusalem-captured-in-first-crusade
http://www.fsmitha.com/h3/casia01b.htm
http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/crusades.htm -
In 1192, Muslim general Muhammad Ghor captured Delhi. He later started a dynasty of rulers which would be later called the Delhi Sultanate. This began with the Slave dynasty. http://quatr.us/india/history/delhi.htm
http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Delhi_Sultanate -
The Mongols sacked Baghdad in 1258. They showed no mercy and destroyed every little thing in Baghdad. This includes libraries and books that were thrown into the Tigris. Islam’s goal was to restore this lost caliphate. http://www.historytoday.com/richard-cavendish/baghdad-sacked-mongols
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Mansa Musa, the emperor of the Mali Empire, set out on his pilgrimage to Mecca in 1324. He brought back a large amount of gold, while some gold was given to the poor. Musa’s contributions to Mali included designing mosques, giving to charity, and boosted education. http://www.blackpast.org/gah/musa-mansa-1280-1337
http://www.britannica.com/biography/Musa-I-of-Mali -
In 1453, Constantinople was conquered by the Ottomans. They became one of the most powerful empires. This conquest helped bring umma together from all over. The city of Constantinople later became the city of Istanbul in Turkey. http://www.greatistanbul.com/conquest.html
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Ferdinand and Isabella forced surrender of Granada. Muslims and Jews had to either convert to Christianity, or be forced out of Spain. http://blog.oup.com/2012/03/ferdinand-isabella-order-expulsion-jews-spain/
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/reconquest-of-spain -
The Mughal Empire was established in 1526. It was founded by the Mongo leader Babur. This helped spread Islam, and spread Muslim culture. http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Mughal_Empire
http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/history/mughalempire_1.shtml -
Sufism was formed in 675 C.E. It originated in the Middle East and had over 9 million followers. Sufism can be considered as a branch of Islam. Sufis strive to absorb the knowledge of their religion from Allah and seek the divine truth. http://www.patheos.com/Library/Sufism
http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/subdivisions/sufism_1.shtml
