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Nation State is a state that joins the political entity of a state to the cultural entity of a nation, from which it aims to derive its political legitimacy to rule and potentially its status as a sovereign state.
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During the early Middle Ages, the churches spread their religion across Europe in that their power was increased. Meanwhile monarchs became more powerful as well. However later on in the year, the secular rulers and church officials started having some serious disagreements.
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An well- educated king, Henry II, broadened the system of royal justice by expanding accepted customs into law. He then sent out traveling justices to enforce these royal laws.
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King John was forced to sign the Magna Carta (great charter) and it did 2 important things. 1) forced monarchs to obey the laws and 2) gave nobles rights, that were later extended to all free-men
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A young Venetian called Marco Polo went to China with his father and uncle. When he returned he wrote a book about the wonders of Chinese civilization.
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King Charles X , the King of France, tried to go back to the absolute monarchy. However, his position as king was replaced by Louis- Philippe (a man who had long supported liberal reforms in France).
