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Jan 1, 1400
Age of Exploration Begins
The Europeans started exploring to look for the three g's god, gold, and glory. Columbus wanted to sail west until he reached asia because they had a lot of riches like gold, pearls and spices. Most explorers were from Spain, Portugal, and France. A conquistador is a Spanish adventurer or conquerer. Hernan Cortes tore down Tenochtitlan and founded New Spain. -
Jan 1, 1519
Pineda Maps Texas Coast
Pineda led several expeditions to map the western coast of the Gulf of Mexico which is from the Yucatán Peninsula to the Pánuco River. His expeditions made him think that the sea passage to Asia was not in the western part of the Gulf of Mexico. He decided it could only be in the land between the Panuco River and Florida that had the sea passage. He left Jamaica in early 1519 and sailed west to follow the northern coast of the Gulf of Mexico. At the western tip of Southern Florida he tried to sa -
Jan 2, 1519
Pineda Maps the Texas Coast
il east but the winds made him instead sail from the Florida Keys to the Gulf Coast. He entered a large bay. He sailed the river for eighteen miles and he named the large deep river Espíritu Santo. Which could have been the Mississippi River, Mobile Bay, or the Alabama River. Pineda continued his journey southward. He went to Veracruz shortly after Hernán Cortés had left. Cortés returned after hearing of Pineda's arrival. After arguing and not agreeing Pineda left and went northward. Shortly aft -
Jan 3, 1519
Pineda Maps the Coast
er arguing and not agreeing Pineda left and went northward. Shortly after that he sailed up a river he named Las Palmas. The expedition made the remaining boundaries of the Gulf of Mexico while finding that there is no sea passage to Asia. It also clarified that Florida was a peninsula instead of an island. It allowed Pineda to be the first European to see the coastal areas of western Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas. His map was also made the first known document of Texas hi -
Jan 4, 1519
Pineda Maps the Coast
story and was the first map of the Gulf Coast region in the United States. -
Jan 1, 1528
Cabeza de Vaca Shipwrecks
He was captured by the Karankawa Indians. Many natives and explorers were killed by diesease during the age of contact. When Cabeza de Vaca arrived in Mexico Spiniards saw hints of a fabled land of great wealth which was the seven cities of cibola in his stories. -
Apr 20, 1540
Coronado sets out for Cibola
Cibola is a fabled seven cities of gold. He thought that Cibola was in Texas because of Cabeza de Vacas accounts which gave hints of the fabled land of great wealth which is the seven cities of gold to be in Texas. He found a different cibola then he thought he would find and found no wealth gold or anything. His expedition did discover some important landmarks like the grand canyon. -
La Salle lands in Texas
France began challenging Spain for Texas. La Salle discovered the mississippi river delta. -
Fort St. Louis Founded
It is located in present-day Texas near Arenosa Creek and Matagorda Bay. It was founded by explorer Robert Cavelier de La Salle. Native Americans attacks and harsh conditions and the fact that the colony's last ship was wrecked, leaving the colonists unable to get resources from the French colonies of the Caribbean. La Salle was killed by his own men. -
Mission San Francisco Founded
The purpose of a mission is to make productive Spainish citizens and to convert people to christianity or catholism. Missions are lead by franciscan frairs. Spain is responsible for building missions. Most missions were associated with christianity or catholism. Most missions weren't a success. Most missions failed because they either didn't have many indians in them or didn't convert many. The buildings that protect missions are presidios. -
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Marques de Rubi Inspects Texas
His mission was to inspect the presidios and missions in Texas. The spanish king King Carlos III sent him on his mission. Two reccomendations he made were that spain should abandon all missions and presidios in Texas except those at La Bahia and San Antonio and that the Spanish in east texas should be moved to San ANtonio to strengthen the defenses of misssions and settlements there. -
Philip Nolan Expedition
A fillibuster is a military adventurer who wanted Texas to become detached from Spain or desired independence like some people who wanted Texas to join the U.S. Two other filibusters other than Philip Nolan are Father Hidalgo, Peter E. Bean, and James Long. Jean Lafitte was a French-American pirate and privateer in the early 19th century. -
The Louisiana Purchase
After the Louisiana purchase the U.S. bordered Spanish territory so there would be more issues between them in the future. After the Louisiana purchase the U.S., Spain, and Britain still owned land in America. -
Moses Austin asks permission for colony
The Spanish originally didn't give permission for him to make a colony but after Bastrop a resident of San Antonio heard moses plan and liked it he returned with him to the governor's office to request permission to establish the colony and finally they got permission. On the trip out of Texas Moses got pneumonia from four weeks of wet and cold weather. Shortly after he reached home he learned that permission for the colony had been granted. He died before he could acheive his goal. -
Stephen F. Austin Establishes His Colony
An empresario is a person who has been granted the right to settle on Mexican land in exchange for being responsible for getting new settlers. He established his colony in Mexican Texas. One of the requirements was that at first he could only have 300 families and that they had to covert to christianity. The old 300 were farmers, slaves, blacksmiths, etc. One of the challenges was after the colony was established the Spanish officials refused to give him the land. -
Stephen F Austin Establishes His Colony
Another challenge was that there were indian attacks and harsh conditions. Two other empressarios are Haden Edwards and Ponce de Leon. -
Mexico Gains Independence
Mexico gained their independence from spain. The fedaralists established the 1824 constitution of Mexico for Mexico. Under the constitution Texas was joined with Coahuila. -
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Fredonian Rebellion
The goal of the Fredonian Rebelion was to secede from Mexico. The Edwards brothers were upset with the Mexican government.The rebellion failed and the myer e teran expedition was sent out, the mexican government feared the u.s. taking over texas, after the failed rebelion lots of indians were scared of getting involved things, and native tribes began to fear the mexicans. -
Mier y Teran Report
The goal of the Mier y Teran expedition was to inspect the conditions of Texas and see how mexican texas is doing. He was sent on a mission to Texas by the Mexican government because of U.S. interest in Texas and the large number of Anglo settlers flowing into Mexico the government was anxious to see the situation. He made reccomendations like that strong actions must be taken to stop the United States from acquiring Texas. -
Law of April 6th, 1830
Banned U.S. immigration. Suspended partially filled empressario contracts. Promoted Mexican immigration. Banned new slaves from the U.S. Said that the mexican government can tear down you houses and property to build houses. Higher taxes on imports from the U.S. -
Battle of Gonzales
The battle of Gonzales was fought because the Mexican Government loaned a canon to Gonzales and when they needed it and came to get it the citizens of Gonzales refused to give it up and buried it which made the Mexican government mad starting the battle. The Texans at Gonzales won the battle because the Mexican forces retreated. The important slogan that originated during the battle was come and take it. -
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Convention of 1833
The goal was to draft petitons to the Mexican government. They also drafted a state constitution to give to the Mexican government. Stephen F. Austin was the one who went to Mexico City to present the petitions to the government. -
Austin Arrested
SFA was arrested because he was considered a suspect in trying to incite insurrection in Texas. Because of his imprisonment and treatment by the mexican government SFA changed his mind about Texas being a part of Mexico and he no longer thought that Texas should remain a part of Mexico. -
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San Antonio de Bexar Siege
A siege is a military operation where an enemy surrounds a town or building cutting off essential supplies and tries to get the people inside to surender. Mexico controlled San Antonio before the siege. Texas controlled San Antonio after the siege. -
The Goliad Massacre
Fannin and his men lost the Battle of Goliad to be taken prisoner. Santa Anna ordered the massacre of Fannin's men. Most of the Texan force died during the Goliad Massacre. -
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Runaway Scrape
Everyone went east during the Runaway Scrape. The goal or purpose of the Runaway Scrape was to cross the Sabine River into Louisiana before they were killed. Everyone was running away because of Santa Anna announcing his plans to kill everyone who opposed the Mexican government. People thought that Sam Houston was a coward because he was running away from Santa Anna. -
Convention of 1836
The Convention of 1836 wrote the Texas Declaration of Independence and the Constitution of the Republic of Texas. -
The Alamo Falls
William Travis, James Bowie, and Davy Crockett were notable Alamo defenders. There were about 250 Alamo defenders and about 1,500 Mexican troops. Sam Houston didn't send reinforcement troops to the Alamo because Houston could not spare the number of men needed to make a successful defense because he thought it would be wasting his troops. The Mexicans won the Battle of the Alamo. -
Battle of San Jacinto
Two war cries that the Texans shouted during the battle were remember the Alamo and remember Goliad. The casualities were 630 Mexicans killed and 730 taken prisoner for the Mexican side and only nine of the 910 Texans were killed or wounded and thirty were wounded not very seriously. Santa Anna tried to escape during the battle but was then caught. The Texan side was victorious in the Battle of San Jacinto.