-
A New Nation
President Sam Houston sends troops into East Texas to end the Regulator-Moderator War. -
Life in the Republic
Velasco citizens hold a horse race on the near the town. -
Life in the Republic
Repeated attacks and discrimination force more than 100 Tejano families to flee Nacogdoches. -
Life in the Republic
The first college chartered by the Republic, Rutersville College, is founded. -
Life in the Republic
William Kennedy publishes Texas: the Rise, Progress, and Prospects of the Republic of Texas. -
Texas Faces Foreign Challenges
The U.S. Congress authorize a diplomat to go to Texas. -
Texas Faces Foreign Challenges
William H. Wharton is elected to the Texas Senate. -
Texas Joins the United States
The Governor's Mansion is built in Austin. -
Texas Joins the United States
Sam Houston easily defeats incumbent Hardin Runnels in the election for Texas governor. -
The Texas Revolution
The Texas Declaration of Independence is adopted. -
A Land Called Texas
The Ogallala Aquifer is the largest underground water source in Texas. -
Coldest Spot
The lowest recorded temperature in Texas was a chilly -23 F, occurring in 1899 at Tulia and in 1933 at Seminole. -
Hottest Spot
The highest recorded temperature in Texas was a blistering 120 F, occurring in 1936 at Seymour and in 1994 at Monahans. -
Longest River
The Rio Grande, which begins in Colorado and flows along the Texas-Mexico border runs 1,896 miles. -
Driest Place
Wink received just 1.76 inches of rain in 1956 -
Wettest Place
In 1873 Clarksville received 109.4 inches of rain. -
Highest Point
Guadalupe Peak is the highest point in the state, at 8,749 feet above sea level. -
A Land Called Texas
IN 2012 Texas produced about 730 million barrels of crude oil worth some $55 billion. -
A Land Called Texas
Texas has and estimated 23 billion tons of lignite, a type of coal. -
A Land Called Texas
More than 6 million acres of Texas land are irrigated -
A Land Called Texas
In 2012 there were more than 244,700 farms in Texas. -
A Land Called Texas
Agriculture added some $36 billion to the Texas economy in 2012. -
A Land Called Texas
Toledo Bend Reservoir on the Sabine River holds more than 5.5 billion cubic meters of water. -
A Land Called TExas
Caddo Lake is the largest natural lake in Texas, covering more than 39 Square miles (half of which are in Louisiana). -
The Regions of Texas
The Texas timber industry earned more than $1.9 billion in 2007. -
The Regions of Texas
Texas contains more than 60 million acres of forests and woodlands. -
The Regions of Texas
IN 2011 the value of Texas cotton production reached over $1.5 billion. -
The Regions of Texas
With 800.000 acres of land, Big Bend National Park is the largest national park in Texas. -
The Regions of Texas
Sales of Texas livestock totaled more than $10.8 billion in 2007. -
The Regions of Texas
Texas exports of computers and electronics were worth more than $45 billion in 2012. -
Texas Indians c. 10,000 B.C.
Proto-Indians live at the Gault site. -
Texas Indians c. 1500 B.C.
Coastal American Indians make knives and scrapers from stone. -
Texas Indians C. A.D. 100
American Indians living near Galveston Bay begin making pottery. -
Texas Indians C. A.D. 1000
The caddos grow many kinds of crops in East Texas. -
The age of Contact
Alonso Alvarez de Pineda maps the Texas coast. -
The Age of Contact
Explorer Francisco Vasquez de Coronado crosses the Texas Panhandle. -
The Age of Contact
A Spanish treasure fleet shipwrecks off of present-day Padre Island. -
The Age of Contact
Spaniard Hernan Gallegos writes about the lives of the Jumano Indiias in Texas. -
The Age of Contact
Juan de Onate crosses the Texas Panhandle on his way to Quivira. -
The Age of Contact
Spaniards first record seeing Apache Indians riding horses. -
The Spanish Colonial Period
A group of colonists led by French explorer Rene-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle land in Matagorda Bay in Texas. -
The Spanish Colonial Period
The Spanish build a mission named San Francisco de los Tejas. -
The Spanish Colonial Period
Martin de Alarcon establishes the San Antonio de Valero mission. -
The Spanish Colonial Period
Settlers from the Canary Islands arrive in San Antonio. -
The Spanish Colonial Period
Rancher Tomas Sanchez establishes the town of Laredo. -
Conflicts of Empire
The Marques de Rubi expedition begins. -
Conflicts of Empire
Antonio Gil Ybarbo founds the town of Nacogdoches in East Texas. -
Conflicts of Empire
Spanish priest Juan Agustin Morfi, author of the History of Texas, 1673-1779, dies. -
Conflicts of Empire
Philip Nolan, a U.S citizen, receives permission to capture wild horses in Texas. -
Conflicts of Empire
U.S. citizen James Long and a small force invade Texas, only to be defeated by Spanish forces. -
Conflicts of Empire
Mexico, which includes Texas, wins its independence from Spain. -
Texas on the Mexican Frontier
The Spanish government grants Moses Austin permission to found a colony in Texas. -
Texas on the Mexican Frontier
About 3,000 Anglo settlers live in Texas without the permission of the Mexican government. -
Texas on the Mexican Frontier
Empresario Martin de Leon settles families on the lower Guadalupe River. -
Texas on the Mexican Frontier
An American Indian attack on the Green DeWitt colony forces settlers to flee Gonzales. -
Texas on the Mexican Frontier
The Texas Gazette newspaper begins publication in Austin's colony. -
Texas on the Mexican Frontier
Texas settlers hold about 3,500 land grants. -
Life in Mexican Texas
Settler Jared Groce plants a cotton crop, possibly the first in Stephen f. Austin's colony. -
Life in Mexican Texas
Mexican officials adopt the Constitution of 1824. coahuila and Texas are merged to form one state. -
Life in Mexican Texas
Stephen F. Austin receives a contract to settle and additional 100 families in Texas. -
Life in Mexican Texas
Thomas J. Pilgrim organizes a Sunday school and private boys' school in San Felipe. -
Life in Mexican Texas
Mary Austin Holley's letters, describing life in early Texas, are published. -
Life in Mexican Texas
Texas farmers export some 7,000 bales of cotton, worth about $315,000 to New Orleans. -
Life in Mexican Texas
An estimated 1,000 U.S. immigrants enter Texas each month. -
The Road to Revolution
The Fredonian Rebellion begins when Haden Edwards declares independence from Mexico. -
The Road to Revolution
general Manuel de Mier y Teran begins a tour of Texas for the Mexican government. -
The Road to Revolution
President Guerrero issues a decree ending slavery in Mexico, but and exemption is made for Texas. -
The Road to Revolution
On April 6 Mexico issues a law that changes rules on immigration and trade in Texas. -
The Road to Revolution
On April 6 Mexico issues a law that changes rules on immigration and trade in Texas. -
The Road to Revolution
The town of Gonzales receives a cannon form the Mexican government to defend citizens against American Indian attacks. -
The Road to Revoulution
Stephen F. Austin is arrested in Saltillo. -
The Road to Revolution
Texans become concerned when the Mexican government ofiicially abolishes the Constitution of 1824 -
The Texas Revolution
Texas settlers attack Mexican soldiers at Gonzales, forcing them to leave. -
The Texas Revolution
Texas troops push Mexican troops out of San Antonio, capturing the city. -
The Texas Revolution
The Siege of the Alamo begins. -
The Texas Revolution
Texans win the Battle of San Jacinto, ending the Texas Revolution. -
The Texas Revolution
The first oficial Texas flag is adopted by the Texas Congress. -
A New Nation
Sam Houston becomes the first popularly elected president of the Republic of Texas. -
A New Nation
The Texas government begins work in Houston, the new capital. -
A New Nation
Texans elect Mirabeau B. Lamar president. -
A New Nation
Texas passes a homestead law, protecting settlers' homes from being seized to pay debts. -
A New Nation
Austin, the new capital, has 850 residents. -
A New Nation
Texans again elect Sam Houston president of the Republic. -
A New Nation
The Tehuacana Creek Councils lead to peace between Texans and several Texas Indian groups. -
Life in the Republic
Snider de Pellegrini, director of a French colonization company, brings 14 settlers to Texas. -
Life in the Republic
Prince Carl of Solms-Braunfels comes to Texas followed by a group of German immigrants. -
Life in the Republic
At least 30,000 enslaved African Americans live in Texas. -
Reconstruction
Republican Edmond J. Davis is elected governor. -
Texas Faces Foreign Challenges
France becomes the first European nation to recognize Texas as an independent country. -
Texas Faces Foreign Challenges
Galveston university opens its doors to five students. -
Texas Faces Foreign Challenges
President Mirabeau B. Lamar sends the Texas Navy to the Yucatan coast. -
Texas Faces Foreign Challenges
General Adrian Woll and about 1,400 Mexican soldiers capture San Antonio. -
Texas Faces Foreign Challenges
Texans elect Anson Jones president of the Republic. -
Texas Joins the United States
The United States annexes Texas. -
Texas Joins the United States
Thomas J. Rusk and Sam Houston become the first Texans to serve in the U.S. Senate. -
Texas Joins the United States
George T. Wood is elected governor of Texas. -
Texas Joins the United States
Work begins on the Port Isabel Lighthouse. When completed, its light could be seen from 16 miles away. -
Texas Joins the United States
the American, or Know-Nothing, Part becomes active in Texas. -
Western Expansion and Conflict
Fighting breaks out between U.S. forces and Mexican troops at Palo Alto and Resaca de la Palma. -
Western Expansion and conflict
Samuel H. Walker dies in combat during a conflict in Mexico -
Western Expansion and Conflict
The Texas population reaches 200,000 people. -
Western Expansion and Conflict
U.S. Army troops abandon Fort worth after settlers move farther west beyond the fort. -
Western Expansion and Conflict
A series of clashes occurs between Texas Ranger and Mexican Americans near Brownsville. -
Life in a Frontier State
Texas signs a peace treaty with the Penateka Comanches. -
Reconstruction
A public school system is created in Texas. -
Life in a Frontier State
A state census reports the state's population at more than 142,000. -
Life in a Frontier State
In her book Texas in 1850, Melinda Rankin describes the state and urges people to move to Texas. -
Life in a Frontier State
After many false starts, track si finally laid for the Buffalo Bayou, Brazos, and Colorado Railway. -
Life in a Frontier State
Slaves in Colorado County acquire weapons and plan a rebellion, by the pot is discovered before it can begin. -
Life in a Frontier State
The Butterfield Overland Mail begins taking passengers and mail by stagecoach from Missouri, through Texas, and on to California. -
Life in a Frontier State
Texas produces a record crop of more than 400,000 bales of cotton. -
Texas and the Civil War
Texans vote, by more than three to one, to secede from the United States. -
Texas and the Civil War
Troops leave San Antonio for New Mexico, planning to capture the Southwest for the Confederacy. -
Reconstruction
The Democratic Party regains full control of state government. -
Texas and the Civil War
Union forces capture Galveston. -
Texas and the Civil War
President Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation. -
Texas and the Civil War
A Union attempt to invade Texas is turned back at Sabine Pass. -
Texas and the Civil War
Union troops capture Brownsville. -
Texas and the Civil War
In a battle near Mansfield, Louisiana, Confederate forces stop a Union invasion of northeastern Texas. -
Texas and the Civil War
The last land battle of the war is fought at Palmito Ranch, Texas. -
Reconstruction
The Emancipation Proclamation goes into effect in Texas, freeing the state's slaves. -
Reconstruction
African American George T. Ruby is elected a a delegate to the Republican National convention. -
Reconstruction
Texas adopts a new constitution. -
The Indian Wars
The Texas Frontier Regiment is established. -
The Indian Wars
Colonel Christopher "Kit" Carson leads and attack against Plains Indians in the Panhandle. -
The Indian Wars
Fort Richardson is established near Jacksboro. -
The Indian Wars
Plains Indians attack a group of buffalo hunters in the Battle of Adobe Walls. -
The Indian Wars
Comanche leader Quanah Parker surrenders, ending the Red River War. -
The Indian Wars
Apahce leader Victorio launches raids along the Texas-Mexico border. -
The Cattle Kingdom
The Texas cattle population increases rapidly during the Civil War. -
The Cattle Kingdom
Texas cowboys move a herd of 15,000 cattle to market. It is the largest single herd of the era. -
The Cattle Kingdom
Ranchers begin to ship thousands of cattle from Denison after the Missouri-Kansas-Texas Railroad extends a line there. -
The Cattle Kingdom
About 2,700 animals die during a cattle stampede near the Brazos River -
The Cattle Kingdom
A ranch in the Panhandle purchases enough barbed wire to fence 250,000 acres. -
Railroads and Farming
Texas has 583 miles of rail lines. -
Railroads and Farming
The Texas legislature passes a law that allows the state to fund railroads with land grants. -
Railroads and Farming
The Texas and Pacific Railway meets the Southern Pacific line near El Paso, forming the first transcontinental railroad route through Texas. -
Railroads and Farming
The Knights of Labor begin a major strike against Jay Gould's railroad company. -
Railroads and Farming
There are more than 8,000 miles of railroad track in Texas. -
Railroads and Farming
The Texas Railroad Commission is established to regulate railroads in Texas. -
Railroads and Farming
Texas has more than 350,000 farmers, and almost half of all farmers are tenant farmers. -
The Oil Boom
Texas Normal College and Teachers' Training Institute, now called University of North Texas, opens in Denton. -
The Oil Boom
Drillers strike oil in Corsicana. -
The Oil Boom
The Spindletop well strikes oil, producing more than 17 million barrels of oil the next year. -
The Oil Boom
A large oil strike is made in the Humble oil field in Harris county. -
The Oil Boom
Oil is discovered at Goose Creek along Galveston Bay. -
The Oil Boom
The Houston Ship Channel opens, and Houston soon becomes an important oil-refining center. -
The Oil Boom
An application is filed to drill for oil on state-owned land in West Texas. Several years late the Santa Rita No. 1 strikes oil. -
Texas in the Age of Reform
Texas A&M University opens as an all-male military institution. -
Texas in the Age of Reforming
The University of Texas formally opens. -
Texas in the Age of Reforming
The Texas legislature passes the Antitrust Act of 1889. -
Texas in the Age of Reforming
A leading association of farmers endorses the Populist Party. -
Texas in the Age of Reforming
A hurricane hits Galveston, killing some 6,000 to 8,000 people. -
Texas in the Age of Reforming
Jovita Idar becomes the first president of the League of Mexican Women. -
Texas in the Age of Reforming
Texas ratifies the Eighteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which bans the sale or manufacture of alcohol. -
Texans ate Home and Abroad
The first football game is played between the University of Texas and Texas A&M. -
Texans at Home and Abroad
Teddy Roosevelt organizes and trains the Rough Rider in San Antonio. -
Texans at Home and Abroad
The Corsicana Oilers set a baseball record by defeating the Texarkana team 51 to 3. -
Texans at Home and Abroad
The first Neiman Marcus department store opens in Dallas. -
Texans at Home and Abroad
The Houston Ship Channel is completed, leading to the growth of industry in the Houston area. -
Texas at Home and Abroad
Texas troops are sent to France to fight in WW1. -
Boom and Bust
Governor William Hobby breaks a dockworkers' strike in Galveston. -
Boom and Bust
Texans elect Miriam A. "Ma" Ferguson as the state's first female governor. -
Boom and Bust
Automobile registrations reach 1 million. -
Boom and Bust
For the first time in the state's history, the majority of Texans vote for a Republican presidential candidate--Herbert Hoover. -
Boom and Bust
Some 300,000 Texans are unemployed. -
Boom and Bust
James V Allred is elected governor of Texas. -
Boom and Bust
Texas celebrated the 100th anniversary of the Texas Revolution. -
Boom and Bust
Texans elect W. Lee "Pappy" O'Daniel as governor. -
WW2 and the Cold War
Large numbers of Texans volunteer for military service in WW2. -
WW2 and the Cold War
The U.S. Supreme Court declares the Texas white primary unconstitutional. -
WW2 and the Cold War
Texan Audie Murphy receives the Medal of Honor for stopping a German tank attack in France. -
WW2 and the Cold War
More than 3 million automobiles are registered in Texas. -
WW2 and the Cold War
Allan Shivers successfully runs for a third term as governor. -
WW2 and the Cold War
Texas women call for an equal rights amendment to the state constitution. -
WW2 and the Cold War
Texas musician Buddy Holly is killed in a plane crash. -
WW2 and the Cold War
The U.S. Supreme Court rules that Texas owns Gulf coastal tidelands up to a 10.35-mile limit. -
Texas in Transition
Henry B. Gonzales is elected to the U.S. House of Representatives, and John Tower is elected to the U.S. Senate. -
Texas in transition
Lyndon B. Johnson becomes president of the U.S. after President John F. Kennedy is assassinated. -
Texas in Transition
Texas singer Janis Joplin's career takes off after a performance at the Monterey International Pop Festival. -
Texas in Transition
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration sends the Apollo 11 mission to the Moon. -
Texas in Transition
Members of the Chicano movement and the Mexican American Youth Organization form La Raza Unida Party. -
Texas in Transition
Barbara Jordan is elected to the U.S. House of Representatives. -
Texas in Transition
Austin City Limits goes on the air with Willie Nelson as its first guest musician. -
Texas in Transition
The Texas population reaches 14 million. -
Contemporary Texas
Texas writer Larry McMurtry receives the Pulitzer Prize for his novel Lonesome Dove. -
Contemporary Texas
Texas musician Stevie Ray Vaughan is killed in a helicopter crash. -
Contemporary Texas
George W. Bush takes office as governor. -
Contemporary Texas
Rick Perry becomes the 47th governor of Texas. -
Contemporary Texas
Republicans gain control of the Texas House of Representatives. -
Contemporary Texas
Texas becomes the national leader in wind power generation. -
Contemporary Texas
Cowboys Stadium, later renamed AT&T Stadium, opens in Arlington. -
Contemporary Texas
Texas receives its lowest ever recorded rainfall. -
Texas Government
On December 29 the U.S. Congress officially admits Texas to the Union and approves its first state constitution. -
Texas Government
Texans adopt the constitution that governs the state today. -
Texas Government
James Stephen Hogg-the first native-born Texan to become governor- is elected. -
Texas Government
The Texas legislature passes the first ste law requiring children to attend school. -
Texas Government
Women are allowed to serve on Texas juries for the first time. -
Texas Government
A major attempt to adopt a new Texas constitution fails. -
Texas Government
The Texas state government employs more than 230,000 people in more than 200 agencies, with a two-year budget totaling more than $98 billion. -
Texas Government
Rick Perry becomes the longest-serving governor in Texas history. He was elected governor again in 2010. -
Local Government and Citizenship
Texans cast their first votes as U.S. citizens in a presidential election. -
Local Government and Citizenship
Edmund J. Davis is elected governor, the last Republican to hold the office until Bill Clements was elected in 1978. -
Local Government and Citizenship
After decades of fighting for the right to vote, women are allowed to vote in Texas primary elections. -
Local Government and Citizenship
A Texas law establishing white primaries is struck down by the U.S. Supreme Court in Smith V. Allwright. -
Local Government and Citizenship
Texan Barbara Jordan is elected to the U.S. House of representatives. She is the firs black woman from the South to serve in Congress. -
Local Government and Citizenship
Rual Gonzalez is elected to the Texas Supreme Court. He is the first Mexican American elected to statewide office. -
Local Government and Citizenship
Based on the 2010 Census, Texas gains four new seats in Congress. -
The Texas Economy
The Spindletop oil strike spurs the growth of the Texas oil industry. -
The Texas Economy
The Southern Aircraft Corporation, the first airplane manufacturer in Texas, is formed. -
The Texas Economy
The Manned Space Center, now the Johnson Space Center, is built in Houston. -
The Texas Economy
Texas Instruments releases the first handheld calculator. -
The Texas Economy
The North American Free Trade Agreement is passed, easing trade among the U.S., Mexico, and Canada. -
The Texas Economy
Texas exports more than $134 billion worth of goods.