Texas History

  • May 1, 1519

    First Texas coast map

    Alonso Alvarez de Pineda maps the Texas Coast.
  • Jun 6, 1541

    Vasquez crosses the Texas panhandle

    Explorers Francisco Vesquez de Coronado crosses the Texas panhandle.
  • Apr 6, 1554

    Treasure Fleet Shipwreck

    A Spanish treasure fleet shipwrecks off present day Padre Island.
  • Jun 4, 1581

    Gallegos Writes about Jumano Indians

    Spaniard Hernan Gallegos writes about the lives of the Jumano indians in Texas.
  • Juan De Onate to Quivira

    Juan De Onate crosses the Texas Panhandle on his way to Quivira.
  • Indians riding horses

    Spaniards first record seeing Apache indians riding horses.
  • La Salle-Matagorda Bay

    A group of colonists led by French explorer Rene-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle lands in Matagorda Bay in Texas.
  • San Francisco

    The Spanish build a mission named San Francisco de los Tejas
  • Valero

    Martin de Alarcon establishes the San Antonio de Valero Mission.
  • Canary Island Settlers

    Settlers from the Canary Islands arrive in San Antonio.
  • Laredo

    Rancher Thomas Sanchez establishes the town of Laredo.
  • Rubi Expedition

    The Marques de Rubi expedition begins.
  • Nacogdoches Founded

    Antonio Gil Ybarbo founds the town of Nacogdoches in east Texas.
  • Priest Morfi Dies

    Spanish priest Juan Agustin Morfi Author of the history of Texas 1673-1779 dies.
  • Nolan-Wild Horses

    Philip Nolan a U.S. citizen receives permission to capture wild horses in Texas.
  • Long Invades

    U.S. citizen James Long and a small force invade Texas only to be defeated by Spanish forces.
  • Mexican Independence

    Mexico which includes Texas wins its independence from Spain.
  • Moses Austin-Colony

    The Spanish government grants Moses Austin permission to found a colony in Texas.
  • Cotton Crop

    Settler Jared Groce plants a cotton crop, possibly the first in Steven F. Austin's colony.
  • 3,000 Anglo Settlers

    About 3,000 anglo settlers live in Texas without permission of the Mexican government
  • Guadalupe River Settlers

    Empresario Martin de Leon settles families on the lower Guadalupe River.
  • Coahuila and Texas merge

    Mexican officials adopt the constitution of 1824. Coahuila and Texas are merged to form one state.
  • Indian Attack on Gonzales

    An American indian attack on the Green Dewitt colony forces settlers to flee Gonzales.
  • Fredonian Rebellion

    The Fredonian rebellion begins when Haden Edwards declares independence from Mexico.
  • Austin settles 100 Families

    Steven F. Austin receives a contract to settle an additional 100 families in Texas.
  • General Teran Tour

    General Manual de Mier y Teran begins a tour of Texas for the Mexican Government.
  • Texas Gazette

    The Texas Gazette newspaper begins publication in Austin's colony.
  • Thomas Pilgrim Schools

    Thomas J. Pilgrim organizes a Sunday school and private boys school in San Felipe.
  • Slavery Ends in Mexico

    President Guerrero issues a decree ending slavery in Mexico but an exemption is made for Texas.
  • April 6, 1830 Rule

    On April 6, Mexico issues a law that changes rules on immigration and trade in Texas.
  • Gonzales Cannon

    The town of Gonzales receives a cannon from the Mexican government to defend citizens against American Indian attacks.
  • Marry Holley publication.

    Marry Austin Holley's settlers describing life in early Texas are published.
  • Austin Arrested

    Steve F Austin is arrested in Saltillo.
  • Cotton Export to New Orleans

    Texas farmers export some 7,000 bales of cotton worth about $315,000 to New Orleans.
  • Texas settlers attack Mexican Soldiers-Gonzales

    Texas settlers attack Mexican soldiers at Gonzales forces them to leave.
  • 3,500 land grants

    Texas settlers hold about 3,500 land grants.
  • Immigration

    An estimated 1,000 U.S. immigrants enter Texas each month.
  • 1824 Constitution abolished

    Texans become concerned when the Mexican government officially abolishes the constitution of 1824
  • Capture of San Antonio

    Texas troops push Mexican troops out of San Antonio capturing the city.
  • Alamo Siege Begins

    The siege of the Alamo begins.
  • Texas Declaration of Independence

    The Texas Declaration of Independence is adopted.
  • Texas Revolution Ends

    Texans win the battle of San Jacinto ending the Texas Revolution.
  • Sam Austin-Elected

    Sam Austin becomes the first popularly elected President of the Republic of Texas.
  • Texas Flag adopted

    The first official Texas flag is adopted by the Texas Congress
  • US Diplomat in Texas

    The US Congress authorizes a diplomat to go to Texas
  • Austin becomes Capital

    The Texas government begins work in Austin, the new capital.
  • Velasco Horse Race

    1838 Velasco citizens hold a horse race on the coast near the town.
  • Senator Warton

    William H Warton is elected to the Texas Senate.
  • Lamar President

    Texans elect Mirabeau Lamar President.
  • The Country of Texas

    France becomes the first European nation to recognize Texas as an independent Country
  • Fleeing Nacadoches

    Repeated attacks and discrimination force more than 100 Tejano families to flee nacogdoches
  • Homestead Law

    Texas passes homestead law protecting settlers homes from being seized to pay debts.
  • Galveston University

    Galveston University opens it's doors to 5 students
  • Rutersville College

    The first college chartered by the republic. Rutersville College is founded
  • Austin-850 residents

    Austin, the new Capital has 850 residents.
  • Texas is Published

    William Kennedy publishes Texas: the Rise progress and prospects of the republic of Texas
  • Texas Navy to the Yucatan Coast

    President Mirabeau b. Lamar sends the Texas navy to the Yucatan Coast.
  • Austin President-2nd time

    Texans again elect Sam Austin President of the Republic
  • French Settlers to Texas

    Snider de Pellegrini, director of the French colonization company brings 14 settlers to Texas
  • San Antonio Captured

    General Adrian Woll and about 1400 Mexican soldiers capture San Antonio
  • Tehuacana Creek Council

    Tehuacana Creek Council lead to peace between Texan's and several Texas indian groups.
  • Prince Carl comes to Texas

    Prince Carl of Solmsbraunfels comes to Texas followed by a group of German immigrants.
  • Regulator-Moderator War

    President Sam Houston sends troops into East Texas to Regulator-Moderater war.
  • President Jones

    Texans elect Anson Jones president of the republic
  • Slaves in Texas

    At least 30,000 enslaved African-americans live in Texas
  • US Annexes Texas

    The US annexes Texas
  • TX joins US Union

    The US Congress admits TX into Union and Approves first State Constitution
  • Comanche Peace Treaty

    Texas signs a peace treaty with the Penateka Comanches
  • US Vs. Mexico at Paolo Alto

    Fighting breaks out between US forces and Mexican troops at Paolo Alto and Resaca de la Palma
  • Senator Rusk and Houston

    Thomas J Rusk and Sam Houston become the 1st Texans to serve in the US Senate
  • State population census

    A State Census reports the states population at more than 142,000
  • Samual H Walker Dies

    Samuel H Walker dies in combat during a conflict in Mexico
  • Governor Wood

    George T Wood is elected Governor of Texas
  • Texan's vote in US election for 1st time

    Texas cast first vote as US citizens during Presidential Election
  • Author Rankin Urges movement to Texas

    In her book, Texas in 1850, Melinda Rankin describes the state and urges people to move to Texas
  • Population increase

    Texas population reaches 200,000 people
  • Port Isabel Lighthouse

    Work begins on the Port Isabel lighthouse. When completed, it's light could be seen from 16 miles away.
  • Troops abandon Ft. Worth

    US Army troops abandon Ft. Worth after settlers move farther west beyond the Fort.
  • Track laid for Railways

    After many false starts, track is finally laid for the Buffalo Bayou Brazos and Colorado Railway
  • The Know Nothing party

    The American or know nothing party becomes active in Texas
  • Governor's mansion

    The governor's mansion in built in Austin
  • Failed Slave rebellion

    Slaves in Colorado County acquire weapons and plan a rebellion but the plot is discovered before it can begin
  • Butterfield Overland Mail

    The Butterfiled Overland Mail begins taking passengers and mail by stagecoach from Missouri through Texas and on to California
  • Rangers vs. Mexican Americans

    A Series of clashes occurs between Texas Rangers and Mexican Americans near Brownsville
  • Cotton Boom

    Texas produces a record crop of more than 400,000 bales of cotton
  • Houston defeats Runnels

    Sam Houston easily defeats incumbent Runnels in the election for Texas Governor
  • Texas vote secede

    Texans vote, by more than 3 to1, to secede from the US.
  • Texas Frontier regiment

    The Texas frontier regiment is established
  • The Plan to Capture the Southwest

    Troops leave San Antonio for New Mexico, planning to capture the South West for the confederacy
  • Galveston Captured

    Union forces capture Galveston.
  • Emancipation Proclamation

    President Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation
  • Cattle Boom

    The Texas cattle population increases rapidly during the civil war
  • Failed Texas invasion

    Union attempt to invade Texas is turned back at Sabine Pass.
  • Brownsville captured

    Union Troops capture Brownsville
  • Battle of Mansfield

    In a battle near Mansfield LA, confederate forces stop a Union invasion of Northeast Texas
  • Kit Carson attacks Plains indians

    Colonel Christopher "Kit" Carson leads an attack against plains Indians in the panhandle
  • Battle of Palmito Ranch

    The last land battle of the war is fought at Palmito Ranch, Texas
  • Freeing Texas Slaves

    The Emancipation Proclamation goes into effect in Texas, freeing the state slaves
  • Ft. Richardson established

    Ft. Richardson is established near Jacksboro
  • Delegate Ruby

    African American George T Ruby is elected as a delegate to the Republican National convention
  • 15,000 cattle herd to Market

    Texas Cowboys move a herd of 15,000 cattle to market. It is the larges single herd of the era.
  • Governor Davis

    Republican Edmond J Davis is elected Governor
  • Edmund Davis elected Governor

    Edmund J Davis is elected Governor, the last elected governor to hold office until Bill Clements is elected in 1978
  • Rail lines expand

    Texas has 583 miles of rail lines
  • Public School System begins

    Public School system is created in Texas
  • Wettest Place

    In 1873 Clarksville received 109.4 inches of rain
  • Battle of Adobe Walls

    Plains Indians attack a group of buffalo hunters in the battle of adobe walls
  • Democratic control of Texas

    The democratic party regains full control of state government
  • Red River war ends

    Commanche leader Quanah Parker surrenders, ending the red river war
  • New Constitution

    Texas adopts a new constitution
  • Animal massacre at Brazos River

    About 2700 animals die during a cattle stampede near the brazos river
  • Texas A&M Opens

    Texas A&M University opens as an all male military institution.
  • Railroad Land Grants

    The Texas legislature passes a law that allows the state to fund railroads with land grants
  • TX Constitution Established

    Texans adopts constitution that governs state today.
  • Apache raids on Texas

    Apache leader Victorio launches raids along the Texas Mexico border
  • Rail Lines meet

    The Texas and Pacific railway meets the southern pacific line near El Paso forming the first trans continental route through texas.
  • Barbed Wire purchase

    A ranch In the panhandle purchases enough barbed wire to fence 250,000 acres.
  • Univ of TX opens

    University of Texas Formally opens
  • Knights of Labor Strike

    The Knights of Labor begin a major strike against J. Gould's railroad company
  • Anti Trust act of 1889

    Texas Legislature passes the anti-trust act of 1889.
  • 8,000 Railroad Track

    There are more than 8,000 miles of railroad track in Texas.
  • Univ of North Texas Opens.

    Texas Normal College and Teachers Training Institute now called University of North Texas opens in Denton.
  • First Native Texan Governor

    James Steven Hogg is the first native born Texan to be Governor.
  • Railroad Commission Established

    The Texas Railroad Commission is established to regulate railroads in Texas.
  • Farmers endorse Populist Party.

    A leading association of Farmers endorses the Populist party.
  • Oil in Corsicana

    Drillers strike oil in Corsicana
  • Football Game.. Univ Texas and Texas A&M

    The first football game is played between the University of Texas and Texas A&M
  • Rough Riders Trained.

    Teddy Roosevelt organizes and trains the rough riders in San Antonio.
  • 350,000 Farms in Texas

    Texas has more than 350,000 farms and almost half of all farmers are tenant farmers.
  • Galveston Hurricane

    A hurricane hits Galveston killing 6-8 thousand people.
  • Spindle Top Well strikes oil

    The spindle top well strikes oil producing 17 million barrels the next year.
  • Spindle Top spurs oil growth

    The Spindle Top Oil strike spurs growth in TX oil industry.
  • Baseball Record

    The Corsican Oilers set a baseball record by beating the Texarkana Team 51-3.
  • Oil in Humble

    A large oil strike is made in the Humble Oil field in Harris County.
  • Neiman Marcus in Dallas

    The first Neiman Marcus store opens in Dallas.
  • Oil in Galvaston Bay

    Oil is discovered at Goose Creek along Galvaston Bay.
  • Jovita Idar-League of Mexican Women

    Jovita Idar becomes first President of the league of Mexican women
  • Houston Ship Channel

    The Houston ship channel is completed leading to the growth of industry in the Houston area.
  • Houston Oil Refining

    Houston Ship Channel opens and Houston becomes an important oil refining center.
  • Law requiring school

    The Texas legislature passes state law requiring kids to attend school
  • Texas Troops in WW1

    Texas troops are sent to France to fight in WW 1
  • Alcohol Ban

    Texas ratifies the 18th amendment to the US Constitution which bans the sale or manufacture of alcohol.
  • Women allowed to vote in TX elections.

    After decades of fighting for right to vote, women are able to vote in TX primary elections.
  • Santa Rita Strikes Oil

    An application is filed to drill for oil on State owned land in West Texas. Several years later the Santa Rita #1 strikes oil.
  • Dockworkers Strike

    Governor William Hobby breaks a dockworkers strike in Galveston.
  • Ma Fergeson Governor

    Texans elect Miriam A "Ma" Fergeson as the State's first female Governor.
  • 1 million auto's

    Automobile registrations reach 1 million
  • Republic President voted for

    For first time in State's history the majority of Texan's vote for Republican Presidential candidate Herbert Hoover.
  • High Unemployment

    Some 300,000 Texans are unemployed
  • Coldest spot

    the lowest recorded temperature in Texas was a chilly-23F, occurring in 1899 at Tulia and in 1933 at Seminole.
  • James Allred Governor

    James B Allred is elected Governor of Texas
  • Hottest Spot

    The highest recorded temperature in Texas was a blistering 120 F, occurring in 1936 at Seymour in 1994 at Monahans.
  • 100th Anniversity of TX Revolution

    Texas celebrates 100th anniversary of Tx revolution.
  • Papi O'Daniel Governor

    Texan's elect W. Lee "Papi" O'Daniel as Governor
  • First Aircraft Manufacturer in TX

    The Southern Aircraft Corp, the first airplane manufacturer in Texas is formed.
  • WW2 Texan's Volunteer

    Large numbers of Texan's volunteer for military service in WW2
  • TX White Primary Unconstitutional

    The US Supreme Court declares the Texas White Primary as unconstitutional
  • Smith VS Allright

    A Texas law establishing white primaries is struck down by US supreme court in Smith VS Allwright
  • Captain America

    Texan Audie Murphy receives medal of honor for stopping German tank attack in France.
  • 3 million auto's in Texas

    More than 3 million auto's in Texas.
  • Allan Shivers 3rd Term Governor

    Allan Shivers successfully runs as 3rd term Governor
  • Women allowed on Jury's

    Women are allowed to serve on TX juries for first time
  • Driest Place

    Wink received just 1,76 inches of rain in 1956
  • Woman Equil Rights Amendment

    Texas Women call for Equal rights amendment to State Constitution
  • Budy Holly Killed

    Texas musician Buddy Holly killed in plane crash.
  • Budy Holly Killed

    Texas musician Buddy Holly killed in plane crash.
  • Gulf Coast Tide Lands

    US Supreme Court rules that TX owns Gulf Coastal tide lands up to a 10.35 mile limit.
  • Gonzales and Tower elected

    Henry B Gonzales is elected to House of Representatives and John Tower is Elected to US Senate.
  • Johnson Space Center Built in Houston

    The Manned Space Center, now Johnson Space Center, is built in Houston
  • Lyndon Johnson become President

    Lyndon B Johnson becomes President of US after John F Kennedy is assassinated.
  • Janice Joplin

    Texas singer Janice Joplin takes off after performance at Monterey pop festival.
  • TX instruments first calculator

    TX Instruments releases first hand held calculator
  • Apollo 11 to the Moon

    NASA sends Apollo 11 to the moon.
  • La Raza Unida Party

    Members of the Chacono movement and the Mexican American Youth Organization form La Raza Unida Party.
  • Barbara Jordan Elected

    Barbara Jordan elected to US House of Representatives.
  • First Black Women in US Congress

    Texan Barbara Jordan elected to House of Representatives. She is first black woman from south to serve in US Congress
  • New Constitution Fails

    A major attempt to adopt a new Texas Constitution fails.
  • Austin City Limits Band

    Austin City Limits Band goes on air as Willy Nelson as first guest.
  • 14 million people in TX

    The Texas population reaches 14 million
  • Larry McMurtry= Wins Pulitzer

    Texas writer Larry McMurtry received Pulitzer Prize for novel Lonesome Dove.
  • Mexican-American elected to office

    Raul Gonzalas is elected to TX Supreme Court. First Mexican American elected to state-wide office.
  • Stevey Ray Vaughn Killed in Crash

    Texas musician Stevey Ray Vaughn is killed in helicopter crash.
  • NAFTA Passes

    NAFTA passed easing trade between US, Mexico and Canada
  • George W Bush becomes Governor

    George W Bush takes office as Governor
  • Rick Perry becomes Governor

    Rick Perry becomes 47th Governor of TX.
  • 230,000 people employed by government

    Texas state government employs more than 230,000 people in more than 200 agencies with a 2 year budget of $98 billion.
  • Republicans control House of Representatives

    Republicans gain control of TX house of Representatives.
  • Wind Power

    TX becomes national leader in wind power generation
  • Livestock Sales Boom

    Sales of Texas livestock totaled more than 10.8 Billion Dollars.
  • Timber Industry Boom

    The Texas Timber industry earned more than 1.9 Billion Dollars
  • Rick Perry longest Governor

    Rick Perry becomes longest serving governor in TX history
  • New Cowboys Stadium

    Cowboys Stadium opens in Arlington
  • Cotton Production Boom

    The value of Texas cotton production reached over 1.5 Billion Dollars.
  • Little Rain

    TX received lowest ever rain fall.
  • Crude oil production

    Texas produced 730 million barrels of crude oil worth some 55 billion dollars
  • Texas farming boom

    There were more than 444,700 farms in Texas
  • Texas Economy boom

    Agriculture added some 36 billion dollars to the Texas economy
  • Electronic Exports

    Texas exports of computers and electronics were worth more than 45 Billion Dollars
  • TX gets 4 new seats in congress.

    Based on 2010 Census. TX gains 4 new seats in Congress.
  • TX Exports $134 billion of goods

    TX exports more than $134 billion of goods.