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Period: Apr 5, 1452 to Feb 1, 1505
Ivan III (The Great)
(Grand Prince of Moscow) This peace-lover made an impressive program for Italian Artists and Craftmen to make new buildings in Kremlin and to make the walls strengthened with towers and gates. -
Period: Dec 3, 1533 to
Ivan IV (The Terrible)
(Tsar of all Russia) Transformed Russia into a multiethnic state, spanning almost one billion acres. He was the first to be crowned Tsar of all Russia, one of his infamous temper tantrums resulted in the death of his heir, and thus, his younger son was his successor. -
Period: to
Michael Romanov
(Tsar of all Russia) First Tsar in the Romanov Dynasty, which lasted for 300 years. His reign marked the end of the “Time of Troubles”. -
Period: to
Peter I (The Great)
7 May 1682- 8 February 1725 (Emperor and Autocrat of All the Russias)led a cultural revolution that replaced the traditionalist and medieval social and political system with a modern, scientific, Europe-oriented, westernized and rationalist system. The great city of St. Petersburg is named after him. Although a wonderful leader, he only pardoned the rich. -
Period: to
Catherine II (The Great)
9 July 1762-17 November 1796 (Empress and Autocrat of All the Russias) longest ruling female of Russia. Her reign revitalized Russia and continued to modernize Russia; consequently, her time in power was dubbed the Golden Age of the Russian Empire. -
Period: to
Alexander II
(Emperor and Autocrat of All the Russias) was also the King of Poland and the Grand Duke of Finland. His reign was devoted to the prosecution of the Crimean War and, after the fall of Sevastopol, to negotiations for peace. He began a period of radical reforms, including an attempt to not depend on a landed aristocracy controlling the poor, a move to developing Russia's natural resources and to reform all branches of the administration. -
Period: to
Nicholas II
(Emperor and Autocrat of All the Russias) Nicholas was opposed to the Westernization of Russia because he was a cultural nationalist. Although he described himself as a man of peace, he favored an expanded Russian Empire. The actions of his Minister of the Interior is said to have caused the Russo-Japanese War. His reign is also responsible for the 1905 Revolution- the strike of Russian Workers at the Winter Palace. -
Period: to
Vladimir Lenin
(Informal Leader of the Russian Communist Party) he was the leader of the 'Bolshevik' faction of the Russian Social Democratic Worker's Party. He worked against the provisional government that had overthrown the tsarist regime. Lenin lead the October Revolution, which was a strike against state. After 3 years of Civil war, the Bolsheviks were victorious and assumed total control. He introduced the New Economic Policy, where a measure of private enterprise was again permitted. -
Period: to
Alexander Kerensky
Kerensky was a member of the moderate Labor party until the February Revolution in 1917, when he became a leader in the Socialist Revolutionary party. Kerensky helped form a provisional government to replace the overthrown government of the czar. -
Period: to
Joseph Stalin
Joseph Stalin was one of the most influential dictators of the 20th century. He obtained power of the communist U.S.S.R. The Purges were the execution the millions of Soviet people. Stalin considered these people a threat to his political future. He had a five year plan to industrialize U.S.S.R. Stalin was a major factor on the history of the 20th Century. He also began the cold war with the western countries. -
Period: to
Nikita Khrushchev
Russian Communist leader and Soviet premier who encouraged the policy of de-Stalinization for the purpose of ending the worst practices of the Stalin dictatorship. He came close to nuclear war with the U.S during the Cuban Missile Crisis. -
Period: to
Mikhail Gorbachev
Gorbachev notified the Communist leaders of those countries that he would not intervene militarily to keep them in power as his predecessors had done. He survived an attempted coup by Communist hardliners in 1991, helped form the CIS then resigned. -
Period: to
Boris Yeltsin
(President of the Republic of Russia) He undertook an ambitious program of economic reform. He dissolved Parliament, resulting in hundreds of deaths and injuries as well as considerable damage to several Moscow landmarks. Yeltsin faced five charges—one of the most significant being the accusation that he started the war in Chechnya in 1994—but eventually the charges were dropped. -
Period: to
Vladimir Putin
2nd President of Russia- Putin, also the current Prime minister, was president for 2 consecutive terms and will be running again in 2012. His intention to circumvent the constitution and prolong his rule, proved extremely unpopular in Russia, and was believed to be a cause of the 2011 Russian election protests. -
Period: to
Dmitri Medvedev
Current President of Russia who will not run for a second term. Medvedev's top agenda as President has been a wide-ranging modernisation programme, aiming at modernising Russia's economy and society, and lessening the country's reliance on oil and gas. During Medvedev's tenure, Russia emerged victorious in the 2008 South Ossetia war and recovered from the late-2000s recession. -
Period: to Jul 15, 1025
Grand Prince Vladimir of Kiev
969-977 (Prince of Novgorod) 11 June 908- 15 July 1025 (Grand Prince of Kiev) Expanded territories toward Poland, conquered the Bulgars of Kama and made many Fortresses and colonies, made human sacrifices to the gods by Pagan rule. On July 15th is called the Feast day of St. Vladimir, and he is refered to as the “Fair Sun” in many Ukrainian and Russian folk ballads and legends.