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WWI
World War I causes huge devestation in Russia as over 2,500,000 Russians were killed, 5,000,000 wounded, and 4,000,000 are prisoners of war (POW). Russia had 8,000,000,000 Rubles in war debt and were on the verge of a collapse. Many Russians wanted a revolution against the Czar.
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The death of Rasputin
Rasputin is a mysterious peasant claiming he had powers of healing and prediction. After "healing" one of the royal families son, he became an advisor to them. Having a peasant to advise the royal family was unacceptable to the aristrocrats, so they murdered him.
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100,000 worker strike
More than 100,000 workers are still on strike; the Duma attacks the government failing to respond to food shortages. WIthout the workers, Russia is on the brink of collapsing in both politically and economically. This is the begining of the end for the provisional government.
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February Revolution
The February Revolution begins with strikes, demonstrations, and mutinies in Petrograd (also called the March Revolution if following the Gregorian calendar). The absence of work and loyalty leads to the monarchy's decision to decide whether to continue ruling or leave. This is the first major demonstration for revolution in Russia,
http://goo.gl/R02TX
video: http://goo.gl/iPPzT -
Czar Nicholas II leaves the throne
Czar Nicholas II abdicates and includes his son. The following day, Nicholas' brother, Mikhail announced his refusal to accept the throne. A Provisional Government formed and Vladimir Lenin became leader. Nicholas II and his family wanted to go to Exile in the UK, but Winton Churchill denied in fear of causing conflicts with the Russians. http://goo.gl/R8lp0 -
Nicholas' brother refuses the throne
Nicholas’ brother refuses the throne unless it is offered to him by a constituent assembly elected by the people. This ends more than 300 years of Romanov rule and the beginning of Comunism in Russia,
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Liberal Principles
The Provisional Government issues a set of liberal principles by which it intends to govern. This includes improvements to civil rights and freedoms, amnesties for political prisoners and the organisation of elections for a Constituent Assembly.
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Lenin Returns
Lenin returns from exile in Finland and arrives in Petrograd via a sealed train. Upon return, Lenin called for the overthrow of the provisional government by the Soviets. Due to his popular support, his return to Russia made the Bolsheviks to despose the provisional government and formed a Soviet ruled Russia.
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The July Days
The July Days begin in Petrograd with spontaneous protests against the Provisional Government; after the Bolsheviks unsuccessfully try to direct these protests into a coup, Lenin is forced into hiding. The Bolshevik demonstrators were fired upon on the rooftops by the Provisional Government military.
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Alexander Kerensky takes control
Alexander Kerensky becomes Prime Minister of the Provisional Government. Once in control, he had many conflicts with Vladimir Lenin and his party. As a result, he forced Lenin into exile in Finland. Although Kerensky introduced socialist representation in Russia, he had plans to replace the provisional government into a military dictatorship. http://www.firstworldwar.com/bio/kerenski.htm -
Death Penalty
Under pressure from generals, the Provisional Government reintroduces the death penalty for deserting or mutinying soldiers at the front. This was in place in order to have as many loyal troops as possible for the provisional governent. This increased the fighting in the revolution.
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The Kornilov Affair
The Kornilov Affair, a failed coup by General Lavr Kornilov. General Lavr Kornilov, appointed Supreme Commander of the Russian armed forces on July 18, appeared as a savior to many who longed for an end to the revolutionary "chaos." Kornilov ordered General Krymov to lead the "Savage Division" and the Third Cavalry Corps on an assault of Petrograd. The attack failed due to the Soviet's effective mobilization of workers and soldiers.
http://goo.gl/oIj35
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The October Revolution
The October Revolution - the Bolsheviks take over Petrograd (also called the November Revolution if following the Gregorian calendar) On October 25, The Bolsheviks staged an coup, engineered by Trotsky; aided by the workers' Red Guard and the sailors of Kronstadt, they captured the government buildings and the Winter Palace in Petrograd.
http://goo.gl/dZOq0
video: http://goo.gl/HKDVr -
The Winter Palace
The Winter Palace, the last holdout of the Provisional Government, is taken by the Bolsheviks; the Council of People's Commissars (abbreviated as Sovnarkom), led by Lenin, is now in control of Russia. It is the begining of the formation of the USSR.
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Lenin issues Decree on Land
Lenin issues the Decree on Land, calling for the abolition of private ownership. This decree stated that:There could be no private ownership of land. Land could not be sold, leased or mortgage. All privately owned land was to be confiscated by the government with no compensation paid. This included monastic land, land owned by the Romanovs, land owned by the nobility, land owned by government ministers who were not nobles, private estates and church land.
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The Czar Family Execution
By order of Lenin's party, the Russian secret police executed the Czar family in order to end the dynasty and officially welcome the new form of governent. The execution was held secret until the following day for the Russian people.
http://goo.gl/SR0JZ
