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The Provisional Government was set after the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II. It was made up of liberals and marxist which resulted in power struggles. The Provisional Government did not realize Russia's harsh conditions.
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The March Revolution was the first revolution. Many people went on strike becasue of economic problems and World War 1. Troops of the Tsar called the Cosacks joined the strikers instead of shooting them. The result is the abdication of the Tsar.
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Lenin was unimpressed by the progress of revolution so he came up with the April Thesis. From it comes the quote: "Peace, Bread and Land" which represents Russia's most serious problems.
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An alliance between Kerensky, who led the Socialists and Kornilov, who led the Constitutional democrats was broken when Kornilov betrayed Kerensky and turned it into an attempted coup. Kerensky saves the revolution by appealing to the Bolsheviks. This results in the Bolsheviks showing what kind of power they had and also Kornilov lost an army led coup which reduced the armies influence.
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The Bolshevik was planned unlike the March revolution. Bolsheviks gained control of Petrograd. They then too Moscow with Lenin's return on the 23rd. On November 7, Lenin, Trotsky and the Bolsheviks seized power from the Provisional Government who showed little resistance.
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The Government was unable to fight a war and try to solve its economic problems and other problems occuring across the land. The result was a peace treaty between Russia and Germany and the leaving of Russia from the war.
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A civil war ensued between the Reds (Bolsheviks) and the Whites (Tsarist Army Officers, Cossacks, Bourgeoisie and outlawed political groups). The Allies also intervened and assisted the Whites. In the end, the Reds one because of the badly planned attack of the Whites.
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This system was set because of the civil war. The nationalization of indusrty was extended, there was the introduction of compulsory labour, private trade was replaced by rationing and peasants were to turn in their food for the Red army.
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Lenin had two initiatives for the new government which were to end war immediately and for the peasants to seize the land.
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War Communism was not helping the economy recover. Lenin launched the New Economic Policy which permitted some private trade and a form of private ownership. The NEP caused Lenin to sacrifice some ideals of marxisim.
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The treaty of Rapallo was an agreement between the U.S.S.R. and Germany. The U.S.S.R. would manufacture illgal war material for Germany that was forbidden by the Treaty of Versaille. In return, U.S.S.R would receive steel fro manufacturing from Germany.
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Stalin creates five year plans to force industrialization. First five year plan in 1928. It created a blueprint for command economy and forced collectivization. The second five year plan was introduced in 1933. the plans goals were being reached but it also introduced the purges.
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A pact signed by the US, France, Italy, Germany, Japan and other countries. It prohibits war as an "instrument of national policy". War could only be used in self defense.
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Russian government normalizes Russia through international agreements and pacts with other countries. Stalin tried to get Russia back into European politics again. This leads into the joining of the League of Nations.
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Stalin eliminates potential opposition through the purges. This hurt the army becasue Stalin also had Generals eliminated from the Red army.
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The Soviet Union joins the League of Nations. They are expelled later on because of military conflicts with Finland.
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This was a signed agreement of neutrality between Germany and Russia. This gave relief to Germany because it would not have to fight the east side. This also gave time for Russia to ready its own army.
