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February Revolution
The February Revolution of 1917 was the first of two revolutions in Russia in 1917. It was centered on Petrograd, on Women's Day in March. The revolution, involved mass demonstrations and armed clashes with police and gendarmes, the last loyal forces of the Russian monarchy. In the last days mutinous Russian Army forces sided with the revolutionaries. The immediate result of the revolution was the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II, the end of the Romanov dynasty, and the end of the Russian Empire. -
Bolshevik Revolution
It gave the power to the local soviets dominated by Bolsheviks. As the revolution was not universally recognized outside of Petrograd there followed the struggles of the Russian Civil War and the creation of the Soviet Union. The revolution was led by the Bolsheviks, who used their influence in the Petrograd Soviet to organize the armed forces. Bolshevik Red Guards forces under the Military Revolutionary Committee began the takeover of government buildings. -
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International Affairs
Representatives from Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union met and signed the Nazi-Soviet Pact, which guaranteed that the two countries would not attack each other.
The USSR tried to win back territory and took parts of Europe. -
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Russian Civil War
The Russian Civil War was a multi-party war in the former Russian Empire fought between the Bolshevik Red Army and the White Army, the loosely allied anti-Bolshevik forces. The Red Army defeated the White Armed Forces of South Russia in Ukraine and the army led by Aleksandr Kolchak. The remains of the White forces were beaten in the Crimea and were evacuated. Many pro-independence movements emerged after the break-up of the Russian Empire and fought in the war. -
New Economy Policy (NEP)
It was an economic policy proposed by Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, who called it state capitalism. It was a new, more capitalism after the Civil War to raise the economy of the country, which was almost ruined. Nationalization of industry, established during the period of War Communism, was revoked and replaced by a system of mixed economy which allowed private individuals to own small enterprises, while the state continued to control banks, foreign trade and large industries. -
The Struggle of Power
The years between 1921 and 1927, especially after Lenin’s death, saw a desperate struggle for power between Stalin and Trotsky. Finally, Stalin took the power. -
Collectivization in the Soviet Union
The goal of this policy was to consolidate individual land and labour into collective farms. The Soviet leadership was confident that the replacement of individual peasant farms by collective ones would immediately increase the food supply for urban population, the supply of raw materials for processing industry, and agricultural exports. Collectivization was thus regarded as the solution to the crisis of agricultural distribution (mainly in grain deliveries). -
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The First Five Yar Plan
Stalin pursued the policy of "collectivization" in agriculture to facilitate the process of rapid industrialization; this involved the creation of collective farms in which peasants worked cooperatively on the same land with the same equipment. -
The Five Year Plans
They were a series of nation-wide centralized economic plans in the Soviet Union. The plans were developed by a state planning committee based on the Theory of Productive Forces that was part of the general guidelines of the Communist Party for economic development -
The Great Purge
The Great Purge was a series of repressive measures in the Soviet Union in the late 1930s. This involved a large-scale purge of the Communist Party and government officials, repression of peasants, Red Army leadership, and unaffiliated persons in an atmosphere of widespread surveillance and suspicion of "saboteurs."[1] Proportionately, most of the victims of the Great Purge were Old Bolsheviks. -
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The Second Five Year Plan
The Second Five-Year Plan gave heavy industry top priority, putting the Soviet Union not far behind Germany as one of the major steel-producing countries of the world. Further improvements were made in communications, especially railways, which became faster and more reliable. As was the case with the other five-year plans, the second was not as successful, failing to reach the recommended production levels in such areas as the coal and oil industries. -
German's suprise attack
Some three million soldiers of Germany and her allies began an attack on the Soviet Union. the German army was defeated and the outcome of World War Two was decided in favour of the Allied powers - the British Empire, the United States and the USSR. 200.000 russians were killed in this attack.
