roman timeline By brlynam 753 BCE rome is founded 45 BCE Julius Caesar becomes the first dictator of Rome 27 BCE augustus becomes roman's first emporor 1 BCE jesus is thought to be born 117 the roman empire reaches its largest extent 313 emperor constanine ends the persecution of christians in the empire 380 Theodosius I declares Christianity to be the sole religion of the Roman Empire. 395 Rome splits into two empires 476 the western roman empire collapses 527 justinian becomes byzantine emperor 1054 great schism divides eastern orthodox and roman catholic churches 1453 constaninople falls to the ottoman turks. byzantine empire ends