-
753 BCE
The Creation of the name Rome
Romulus, who was the supposed son of the war god Mars, killed his twin brother Remus because of an argument of choosing a location for the new city and named the city after him. -
Period: 753 BCE to 510 BCE
Rome as a Monarchy
-
715 BCE
The Second King of Rome
Numa Pompilius, who was the second king of Rome during 715 BCE to 673 BCE, helped gave Rome religious ceremonies. -
640 BCE
The Fourth King of Rome
Ancus Marcius was the fourth king of Rome during 640 BCE through 616 BCE and he extended the Roman land by defeating the Latins in war. -
578 BCE
The Creation of the Roman Census
Servius Tullius, one of three Etruscan kings, created the first census of Rome. The census was a count of citizens by one-hundred and the census helped decide the voting rights for the citizens of Rome and how many soldiers each area of Rome had to give to the Roman army. -
510 BCE
The Last King of Rome
Tarquinius Superbus was the last and final king of the Roman Monarchy. He was an evil ruler that he was driven out of Rome by the people and he decided to go to the Estruscans to gather an army and try to regain his throne. He failed to regain the throne and Rome did not have a king after that. -
509 BCE
The start of the Roman Republic
Tarquinius Superbus, the last king of Rome, was overthrown for being a tyrant and the people of Rome created a government that had elected officials to represent the people called a representative government. They also received their own places of assemblies where they can pass laws and select magistrates which were officials who carried out day-to-day operations from the government. -
Period: 509 BCE to 27 BCE
Roman Republic
-
450 BCE
The Creation of the Laws of the Twelve Tables
The Laws of the Twelve Tables was created to give the public a full view of the written laws of Rome. It was put into every aspect of Roman life including business transactions, property boundaries, and penalties for crime. -
287 BCE
The Rights for Plebeians of Rome
Plebeians; which included small farmers, tradespeople, craftsworkers, and soldiers, continued to ask for political reforms so they can have a say in the government and they were able to win that right to be full citizens. -
275 BCE
Roman Expansion
After Rome encouraged Italy's other city-states to revolt against the Etruscans, the city-states were no longer under control by the Etruscans. The Romans took advantage of this and decided to conquer the Etruscans to gain more land and in the end, Rome controlled the entire Italian Peninsula. The conquering of the Italian Peninsula resulted in conflict between Rome and Greece. -
Period: 215 BCE to 138 BCE
The Series of Four Wars
When Rome and Greece had conflict between each other, they entered in a the Series of Four Wars. Rome was able to defeat Macedonia and they continued to conquer the empire that was created by Alexander the Great. -
146 BCE
Conquering Carthage
Rome's biggest conflicts involved Carthage, a city-state across the Mediterranean of the north coast of Africa. They both wanted to control the Mediterranean trade, which started a series of three wars starting in 264 B.C.E, but in the end Rome was able to capture Carthage and destroyed the city and enslaving its population. It is also said that Rome salted the land to make it infertile which made Carthage succumb to poverty for years to come. This is known as Carthaginian peace. -
73 BCE
The Spartacus Rebellion
A slave named Spartacus led one of the largest slave revolts in history. Due to this Roman soldiers killed thousands of rebels until the revolt was destroyed and they captured 6,000 more slaves which they decided to execute by crucifixion. the Spartacus Rebellion made the conditions of slaves much more harsher than before. Also, since there was so many slaves in Rome, it lowered the cost of slave labor, making it one of the factors that caused the decline of small landowners. -
46 BCE
The Reign of Julius Caesar
Julius Caesar made himself dictator for life after he vanquished his major foe, Pompey. He accomplished major reforms like revising the calendar, extending citizenship, increasing the size of the senate, and granting land to certain poor veterans. He also added conquests to Rome as far as Egypt and German forests. -
44 BCE
The Fall of Julius Caesar
Julius Caesar was killed by conspirators who were afraid of his power and influence. The death of Caesar led to competition between Marc Antony and Octavian, the remaining generals, which caused the Roman Republic to collapse and creating the Roman Empire. -
27 BCE
The Start of Pax Romana
Pax Romana is known as Roman peace that existed between nationalities in the Roman Empire. It saw unprecedented peace and economic prosperity in the Roman Empire. During the period of Pax Romana, the Roman Empire has reached its peak in terms of the amount of land that they owned and the population reaching to an estimated 70 million people. -
Period: 27 BCE to 476
The Roman Empire
-
27
The Start of the Roman Empire
Augustus Caesar was thought to be the founder of the Roman Empire and was the first Roman emperor. During his reign, the start of Pax Romana happened and he drastically enlarged the empire. -
54
The Rule of Nero
Nero became emperor after the death of Claudius who might've been poisoned by Agrippina, Claudius' wife. During Nero's rule, he created his own personal palace with the people of Rome's items. Most of Nero's decisions were for selfish acts and he only cared about himself. It is assumed that he started a fire to personally own a part of Rome that was completely burnt. Nero decided to kill himself when the people opposed him which left no one in power. -
68
Fighting for Roman Power
When the emperor Nero died, a civil war broke out between three emperors. Ultimately, the war was won by Vespasian who was part of the Flavian dynasty. They helped initiate economic and cultural reforms in the Roman Empire. -
72
The Construction of the Roman Coliseum
When Vespasian was emperor of Rome, he started construction of the Roman Coliseum. The idea behind the construction of the Coliseum was to provide entertainment to the people of Rome. Much of the action that happened in the Coliseum involved fighting with each other or against animals. The Roman Coliseum was complete in 80 C.E. -
98
Under New Rule
Trajan was the first Roman emperor to be from someplace else that wasn't Rome. He was of Spanish origin and he was a emperor that was well respected by the people of Rome. He enlarged the public works since he helped renovate the road networks in Italy and provided provisions for the poor. -
313
Christianity in Rome
The Roman Emperor Constantine declared that Christianity would be legal in the Edict of Milan. He became the first Christian emperor and during this time, Christianity was growing stronger in the Roman Empire.
