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Marxists revolutionaries disagree over revolutionary tactics. The more radical Bolsheviks are ready to risk everything. The charismatic Vladimir Lenin becomes the leader.
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Russia and disobeyed a previous agreement with Japan over Korea and Manchuria. Japan then decided to get revenge or retaliate on Russia. The Japanese attacked at Port Arthur, Manchuria. Repeated Russian losses led to a revolt in the midst of war. This was the Russo-Japanese war.
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Almost 200 thousand workers carried out a petition, asking for better working conditions,personal freedom, and to elect a national legislature. Provoking soldiers to fire on the crowd. The aftermath being over 1,000 wounded and several 100 deaths earning the name "Bloody Sunday."
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The first duma was officially set, stating that leaders wanted Russia to become a constitutional monarchy. Later, the duma had dissolved due to the leaders hesitation to share his power.
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Nicholas the Second was responsible for Russia's participation in World War One. Not only were they unprepared to pay the costs but their army was no match for the Germans. Four million Russian soldiers were killed, wounded, or missing in action in just under one year.
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200,000 women textile workers held a city-wide strike in Petrograd. The riot was ignited by shortages of fuel and bread, which only increased in the next five days. Later, soldiers sided with the people on the issue.
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Armed factory workers stormed the Winter Palace in Petrograd. They called themselves the Bolshevik Red Guards. They took over government offices and arrested the leaders.
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Russia and the Central Powers signed the treaty of Brest Litovsk. The treaty was forced upon Russia by the Central Powers. Russia surrendered a part of their land to Germany and Germany's allies. The treaty ended their participation in World War I.
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For the past 3 years Russia was in a civil war. The "teams" were the Red Army, which many foreign armies were against, and the White Armed Forces of Southern Russia.
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Lenin temporarily put aside his plan for a state controlled economy. Instead he put forth a small scale version of capitalism called the New Economic Policy. It was put in place to raise the economy during and after the civil war.
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Russia renames itself to the USSR, standing for the “Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.” Earlier in the year, Vladimir Lenin dies and is replaced by Joseph Stalin.
