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Santa Anna was on a mission to reclaim San Antonio. Leading this charge Himself only being a week outside of San Antonio he was set to arrive much earlier than expected. -
Under the command of James Travis and David Bowie, the Alamo forces were ordered but Sam Houston abandoned the Mission because they didn't have the troops to defend. Instead, they dug deeper into the mission and would receive reinforcements numbering 200. The Battle Lasted 13 days against Santa Anna himself who ordered there be no prisoners. On March 6 the Mexican troops broke through the defenses and captured the Alamo
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This Battle took place before the declaration of independence was started. It was a relatively small battle with Johnson Grant commanding 52 Texans 20 of which would be killed and 32 captured. It marks the first battle of the Goliad Campaign -
Texan Americans met at Washington on the Brazos and declared independence from Mexico. They chose David Burnet as the president and Sam Houston, the former governor of Tennessee, to command the military. https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/texas-declares-independence -
This would be the second battle of the Goliad Campaign. In an attempt to regain the Golf Coast Jame Grant was leading a small command of Texans towards San Patricio. They were ambushed by Mexican troops with many of Texas unable to defend themselves and find cover. Grant and several officers died with many of the Texas dying or being taken, prisoner https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Agua_Dulce
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After the declaration of independence Texas had many administrative tasks in order to properly establish a government one of those being creating a constitution. This document followed many of the guidelines in the American constitution Lorenzo de Zavala the original writer for the liberal Mexican constitution of 1824 helped with creating the document. They rushed to complete this document because Santa Anna split his forces to find these writers and capture them. -
Palm Sunday the commanding officer received orders to execute the Texan prisoners. He initially wrote back and asked them be spared however, Santa Anna commanded him to treat them as pirates and execute them. Between 425 and 445 were marched to Fort Defiance along 3 roads. Bexar road, San Patricio road, and the Victoria road. the Mexican forces would begin executing them. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goliad_massacre -
Using the Alamo as a rallying cry the 800 Texan army defeated the 1,500 Mexican army. The battle only lasted a few minutes with Texans only suffering a few losses. Santa Anna was captured and forced to sign a document recognizing Texas as independent. https://www.history.com/topics/mexico/battle-of-san-jacinto -
After the Battle of San Jacinto Santa Anna was still a prisoner of war. He was forced to sign a public document declaring Texas as free and a secret one. The public document stated that Mexican troops would return to Mexico and the war would end immediately. The secret document Santa Anna agreed to use his political standing to support Texas when he was returned to Mexico. https://www.thealamo.org/remember/battle-and-revolution/revolution-timeline -
The resolution to recognize Texas is introduced in the U.S Senate. https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/republic-of-texas
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As one of Andrew Jackson, last acts as president of the united states declares Texas as independent. https://www.tsl.texas.gov/ref/abouttx/annexation/timeline.html
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This document between America and Mexico, it states that the U.S could not annex Texas. However, this wouldn't stop Texas from asking.
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The Minister to the United States presents a formal offer of annexing Texas to the United States. This proposal would be denied because of Texas' extreme dept and low population.
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Due to the United States not acting on the proposal the offer was withdrawn and Texas would remain independent. https://www.tsl.texas.gov/ref/abouttx/annexation/timeline.html
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On the 27 the Texas senate votes on the document to be annexed into the U.S. This bill passes 27 to 25. On the 28 the House of Representatives passed the same document 132 to 76.
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During this meeting they considered the terms of the agreement with Mexico to not annex and concluded that it was in their best interest to accept the Texas offer
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On December 16, the House of Representatives would pass the bill to annex Texas. The bill passed 141 to 58
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On December 29, the United States Senate would vote to pass the bill annexing Texas 31 to 14
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President Polk signed the bill that would make Texas an official state of the United States of America. They would become the 28th state.
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The President of Texas, J. Pinckney Henderson would take his oath of office as the acting Governor of Texas and