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Cluniac Monks: Stricter ruler, they wanted to restore the traditional monastric life.
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Saint Francis of Assisi: He thought that wealthy people should give up their posessions.
The founder of the Franciscan Order. -
John Wyclif: He thought that Christians should rely on the Bible, instead of the teachings of the Pope and the clergy.
His ideas were rejected,but he wasn't killed. -
Jan Hus: He thought that the Pope has too much power, and the priests have too much money.
He wanted to change the wealth of the Church and questioned the autothory of the Pope,that is why it wasn't sucessfull. -
He was killed as a heretics. -
Martin Luther was an Augustine order Monk, he realized that the Church doesn't teach the way the Bible says. He nailed his 95 thesis on the Church in Wittenerg, to reform the Church, not to establish a new one. His teachings were simplier, which made people feel closer to it. He criticised the letters of indulgences, as he believed that salvation is only by faith and the highest autothory is the Bible, which should be read in German, after he translated and spread it with the printing press. -
Founder: Thomas Münzer
Teachings: rejected infant baptism, he thought that it should be an active choice to join Christian religion
Even Luther rejected this -
Pope Leo X. excommunicated Luther -
In the Edict of Worms, Charles V. decleared Luther as a heretic, which made him loose his rights. Duke Frederick "kidnapped"(saved) him. In this period Luther was able to translate the Bible to German, which caused the spread of Christianity.
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The result of the Anabaptism
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All Germans was called to stop the conversion+prohibited the followers of Luther to spread the faith,which caused the Age of Wars of Religion -
Founder: Michael Servents, who was burnt by the orders of Calvin
They denied the existence of the Holy Trinity.
There is only one God, Jesus was a human. -
Founder: Jean/John Calvin
He believed in the predestination, so that everyone is predestined to go to heaven/hell before they are born. In revolt, which said that everybody got their power from God. In wealth,being rich was not a sin. In democratic Consistory, members can participate in the control of the Church. In theocracy, the state should be controlled by the state