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Oct 31, 1517
Martin Luther posts his 95 Theses
Matrin Luther posts his 95 Theses on the university door in Germany. These rejected the sale of indulgences and determined the church as corrupt. He was enraged by the sale of indulgences. This was the main starting point in the Protestant Reformation. -
Period: Oct 31, 1517 to
Protestant Reformation
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May 8, 1521
Martin Luther was declared a heretic
The council passed the Edict of Worms in Worms, Germany, banning Luther’s writings and declaring him a “convicted heretic.” This made him a condemned and wanted man. He then had to go into hiding where he translated the New Testament into the German language, to give ordinary people the opportunity to read God’s word. As he avoided capture, he created Lutheranism, which influenced many other Protestant ideals. -
Nov 1, 1534
Henry VIII breaks off from the Roman Catholic Church
Parliament passed an act that stated that Henry VIII was now the Head of the Church of England. Henry broke off because he wanted a divorce from his wife Katherine because she could not bear a male heir. This changes his reputation from persecuting Protestants, to persecuting those loyal to the pope. It also began many Protestant religions from England. -
Jan 1, 1536
John Calvin published his book.
"Institutes of the Christian Religion" by John Calvin was published. This talked about how the basis for Christian faith and theology is the Bible. This book and the preaching of Calvin led the the creation of the Protestant religion, Calvinism. -
Jan 12, 1536
Menno Simons rejects the Catholic Church
Menno Simons joins the Anabapstists and was "re-baptized" not long after leaving Witmarsum. This led him to adopt many more ideas and create Mennonites or Dutch anabaptists. He rejected the church due to the fact that hisd brother was killed. Menno got most of his ideals from Protestant Reformer Martin Luther. The Mennonites became a large religion and influenced others like the Amish. -
Jan 1, 1545
John Knox publicly professed the Protestant faith
John Knox was influenced by George Wishart in Scotland and professed the Protestant faith. This led to the creation of Presbyterianism. -
Jul 19, 1553
"Bloody" Mary is proclaimed Queen of England
Mary Tudor was crwoned queen as England after she killed Jane Grey, whom was the unrightful heir to the throne. She was the daughter of Henry VIII and his first wife. She, being Catholic, persecueted many Protestants and had them killed, giving her the name Bloody Mary. This made her very hated and she deeply divided, economically bankrupt and devastated the country by these persecutions. -
Jan 15, 1559
Elizabeth becomes Queen of England
The Protestant Elizabeth was crowned Queen of England after the death of her sister. She united and strengthened England as a Protestant nation and also allowed art, literature, invention, and economics to flourish. New and old Protestant religions also flourished and spread through maritime expeditions. -
Beginning of the Thrity Years War
The Thirty Years War began in Bohemia was Ferdinand II tried to force Roman Catholocism onto them. The Protestants rose up in a rebllion. It was one large religous war in Europe between Cathlics and Protestants. -
The Treaty of Westphalia
The Treaty of Wesphalia negotiated in the Westphalian towns of Münster and Osnabrück and concluded on October 24, 1648, ending the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648). The treaty was the European community's first attempt to simmer down national aggression through promoting a balance of power and collective peace.
