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Formation of an Independent Italy
The Risorgimento movement was a political and social movement. The movement led to the unification of Italy. However, some parts were still being controlled by liberals and the catholic church. There were many divisions in Italy which had led to fascists and socialist to rise. This photo represents how the country had become its own by showing the borders of the country. -
Papal States taken over by new nation of Italy
After the unification of Italy, the Papal States was incorporated within the Kingdom of Italy. This caused Catholic Hostility to arise foreshadowing the social and political conflicts soon to come. This photo is to show the change in borders in which now incorporates the Papal states within the Kingdom of Italy -
Failure of First Italo-Ethiopian War with the Battle of Adowa (Adwa
Italy tried to annex provinces of Abyssinia- Eritrea, and Tigre but, after military conflicts. Italy was then defeated in the Battle of Adowa against Ethiopia. -
Italy invades and takes over Libya
Italy needed to regain its reputation so, Italy invaded Libya as an attempt to expand the Italian empire. This was to compete with the French's influence in Africa. They succeeded in 1912 when Libya was then taken over. The photo shows Italian soldiers invading Libya at the time. -
Mussolini begins work as editor for the Socialist Party newspaper Avanti
After Mussolini was released from prison he started working as an editor for a socialist paper. He would write articles that would promote a revolution against the liberal government. This photo is evidence of Mussolini's work on Avanti. -
Mussolini kicked out of Socialist Party for pro-nationalistic sentiments regarding WW I
Mussolini was removed as an editor from the socialist newspaper because he had publicly opposed the socialist’s policies to remain neutral. Mussolini had also set up the Il Popolo d'Italia to promote war. After this, he soon started his own newspaper to promote his views. This photo is to show Mussolini's change from Avanti (socialist newspaper) to his own. -
The Treaty of London
Before Italy had joined WWI, they had signed the Treaty of London with the triple entente specifically Great Britain. The triple entente that it was necessary to bring Italy into the war to overthrow the Central Powers. The treaty led to the fascists and national socialists push for demanding war involvement. This photo is to represent Italy and it's shortcomings from the treaty. Also how inadequate they were military coming into the war. -
Beginning of Biennio Rosso
During WWI employment had risen because of the lack of men working in the industries and farms. This led to the economy going down, factory occupations, land stealing, trade unions, and peasant league, and series of strikes started by workers This photo represents the protests and change within Italy. -
Fascio di Combattimento formed in Milan
People had many different points of view when it came to politics, economy, geography. Many people came together in Milan in order to form this movement in the hopes that it would unit the nationalists and socialists. -
D’Annunzio takes Fiume
D'Annunzio had taken 2000 people to Fiume that would be occupied for months then these people would return to Italy and join Mussolini. -
Mussolini forms alliance with Giolitti
Mussolini was the leader of the PNF, he had a lot of political power in the parliament. He needed this to ensure that he would participate in the party foreshadowing the law of Acerbo since he wanted a lot of power. -
Mussolini forms the PNF (Fascist Party) and is elected its leader
Giolitti took limited measures of action against the outbreaks of proletarian revolt in which he made an electoral coalition with Mussolini. This was to hold the national elections that month in hopes of crushing the socialists. -
March on Rome and Mussolini becomes Prime Minister
The King gave Mussolini the position of Prime Minister which was an effect of political march in Rome. Mussolini agreed and began his climb to power -
Acerbo Law passed
The Acerbo Law was passed, which was used by Mussolini to give him more political power theoretically and legally. -
Corfu Incident
Italy was a military-diplomatic crisis in Greece in which Italians were being murdered on Greek soil. Mussolini decided to show the strength of the Italian state that led him to receive more support from the Italian people due to nationalism. -
Matteotti Crisis
A political leader was killed for speaking out against Mussolini. This resulted in Mussolini receiving a lot of criticism. This caused him to betray his own secret police and to blame them for the crime in public. -
Aventine Secession
The withdrawal from the parliamentary opposition which had consisted of the Italian Socialist Party, Italian Liberal Party, and many more followed by Giacomo Matteotti's murder by fascists. -
Battle for Grain
Mussolini attempted to reach autarchy by encouraging farmers to grow grain however it resulted in too many farmers planting grain, which caused a decrease in other resources. -
Locarno Treaty signed
The Locarno Treaties were agreements negotiated at Locarno, Switzerland. The First World War Western European Allied powers and the new states of Central and Eastern Europe to secure the post-war territorial settlement. -
Italian involvement with Spanish Civil War
Shortly after Mussolini had become leader of the fascist party, he contacted Spain with the hope of increasing Italy’s global reputation. To do this he insisted on providing aid in their civil war. -
Battle for Land and Battle for the Lira
Fights were to help make more land accessible to farmers and to revalue the Lira money which had caused high prices for exports, hurting the wealth of the economy. -
Battle for Births
Battle for Births increased birthrates which had caused Mussolini to encourage large families and birth but resulted in a decrease of birthrates -
Kellogg-Briand Treaty signed
The treaty outlawed war was signed by 15 nations in hopes of preserving peace. Italy signed in hopes to create a better reputation for themselves. -
Lateran Treaty with Pope
Mussolini and the pope had made an agreement which was to help him gain more support for the fascist party. However, he had to give Vatican City to the pope for a papal state. He also had to enforced religious schooling and paid a large sum of money. This photo is to show the treaty getting signed. -
Abyssinian Crisis
Italy had gone against the Kellogg-Briand treaty and invaded Abyssinia which led to the League of Nations appointing economic penalties against Italy. This photo represents the articles at the time about the penalties. -
Stresa Front
Stresa Front. European coalition. Stresa Front, an alliance of France, Britain, and Italy was created to contradict Hitler's reported goal to rearm German damaging the terms of the Treaty of Versailles. -
Rome-Berlin Axis Treaty signed
Mussolini had made an alliance between Italy and Nazi Germany with the intent to make laws that discriminate against Jews which would be placed in some parts of Italy. This photo is to represent the agreement which shows Mussolini and Hitler shaking hands. -
Munich Conference
During the Munich Conference, an agreement was made in which would allow Germany to take territory from Czechoslovakia in the hopes that it would bring peace and help avoid another world war. The photo is a picture taken of the conference to show that the agreement was offical. -
Italy invades Albania
Mussolini decided to invade Albania with the intent to extend Italy’s power. He hoped in doing so that it would help them keep their reputation as a great power. This photo is a picture of the invasion, -
Italy enters WWII on side of Germany
Italy entered the war in order to keep its status as a global power while also gaining territory in the Middle East and Africa. This photo is an article of when Italy had announced its siding with Germany -
Mussolini brought down by coup during WWII
Allies continued to succeed throughout the war, meanwhile, the Fascist Grand Council had voted to remove Mussolini from power. This photo are of those who had voted against Mussolini. -
Mussolini killed
After Mussolini was brought down from power he was arrested and shot alongside his mistress by a communist group. This photo was taken before the shot because I didn't want to look at their dead bodies.
