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Odoacro(a Germanic chief), dismissed Romulus Augustulus, the last emperor of Rome. This culminated a whole process of several centuries in which the Empire had already entered into decline. -
The beginning of the Middle ages starts with the fell of the Western Roman Empire. -
Gregorian chant, also called "plain chanting," is the liturgical chant of the Roman Catholic Church in the Middle Ages. It is characterized by being a song of a cappella vocal melodies,written on or from the texts of the Latin liturgy.
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The notes were first created in the eleventh century It was an idea of the monk Guido D'Arezzo and was not exactly the same as we know them now.What this monk came up with is to give a name to each musical note and put them in a tetragram. -
It is a style that developed in Western Europe during the last centuries of the Middle Ages, from the mid-twelfth century until the implantation of the Renaissance
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The War of the Hundred Years Conflict between 1339 and 1453 involving England and France. It was the last phase of the struggle waged by the Plantagenets against the French monarchy as early as the 12th century. The 100 Years War was thus the outcome of the enmity between England and France for years.
Another cause of the conflict was the commercial interests that both had.
The war ended without a peace treaty being signed. -
The invention of the printing press is attributed to the German, Johannes Gutenberg.Gutenberg. Gutenberg is regarded as "the father of the printing press",after years trying to dispute the title between French, Italians, Dutch and Germans. -
The Modern period started with the fall of the Byzantine empire, in 1453. -
Being sovereign, Isabel creates the Inquisition, expels the Jews, supports Columbus, a sailor who promises new commercial routes, reconquers Granada, unites Castile with Aragon and pacifies his own kingdom.
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The end of this period will be the fall of the Byzantine Empire and the discovery of America.
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It is a philosophical current that had its origin in the Renaissance, according to which man is the measure of all things and the center of the universe. -
At this time the most widespread musical forms were the motet, the mass, the polyphonic song and the Christmas carol (as a Spanish contribution). Among the composers, the most prominent figure was Josquín des Pres (1440-1521), who cultivated both religious and secular music.
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During the 16th century, profane polyphony conquered new sociological areas that led to the diversification and consolidation of its styles. Its most popular aspects exerted a decisive influence on the configuration of the sacred style, while the more cultured ones progressively reached a vanguard position with respect to it.
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It was a popular revolt in the Holy Roman Empire between 1524 and 1525. It consisted, like the preceding Bundschuh movement and the Hussite wars, in a series of revolts, both economic and religious, by Catholic peasants, citizens and nobles who they had gone over to Luther's Protestantism. -
The Peace of Augsburg (1555) temporarily eased the tensions arising from the Reformation. Carlos V abdicated the Spanish throne in 1556 and Felipe II assumed the position. England's Golden Age began when Elizabeth I was crowned queen in 1558. Religious wars continued: the Battle of Lepanto, part of the Ottoman-Habsburg Wars, was fought in 1571, and the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre of Protestants had place in France in 1572.
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The Hispanic empire of Felipe II includes the Crown of Castile with all its dominions and the Crown of Aragon with all its dominions. Throughout his reign he obtained the kingdom of Portugal with all its domains and colonies. Franche-Comté and the Netherlands also belong to him.
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The Baroque Period developed in Europe in the 17th century. -
In 1605 Miguel de Cervantes published "El Quijote" one of the most representative works of the Baroque and literature. -
The Thirty Years' War (1618 - 1648) especially in Germany, between Catholics and Protestants. Germany was torn apart. The decline of the Habsburgs and the rise of France began.
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English Revolution. Carlos I is executed in 1649 for being considered a tyrant by Parliament and Cromwell leads a civil war that tries to establish a Commonwealth in 1650. -
Las Meninas is considered the masterpiece of the Spanish Golden Age painter Diego Velázquez. Finished in 1656, according to Antonio Palomino.
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During this stage, new musical trends emerged such as innovation in tonal formulas or the expansion of the concert style. In addition, this is already a time of consolidation of the musical style in which there is the presence of most of the most important baroque musicians from many European countries such as Italy (Antonio Vivaldi), Germany (Johann Sebastian Bach), France (Jean Philippe Rameau)
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The clarinet was invented around 1700 by the German flute maker Johann Christoph Denner of Nuremberg, as a modification of the chalumeau, a reed folk instrument. -
The 4 stations is a group of four concertos for violin and orchestra (each one dedicated to a season: Spring, Summer, Autumn and Winter) by the Italian composer Antonio Vivaldi. -
This period started in 1730. -
The Baroque Period ended in the first half of the 18th century.It was characterised by a pessimistic view of life and the
importance of feelings. -
It is an encyclopedia published between 1751 and 1772 in France under the direction of Denis Diderot and Jean le Rond d'Alembert. It is colloquially known as the "Encyclopedia of Diderot and d'Alembert".
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Ludwig van Beethoven was a German composer, conductor, pianist and piano teacher. His musical legacy spans, chronologically, from Classicism to the beginnings of Romanticism.
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The American War of Independence was a war that pitted the original Thirteen British Colonies in North America against the Kingdom of Great Britain.
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Night music in the streets of Madrid is undoubtedly one of the most popular works of its author, the Tuscan Luigi Boccherini. -
The Modern period ended with the French Revolution, in 1789. -
Frédéric François Chopin was a Polish teacher, composer and virtuoso pianist, considered one of the most important in history and one of the greatest representatives of musical Romanticism.
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The Declaration of Independence of Argentina was a decision taken on Tuesday, July 9, 1816 by the Congress of Tucumán, by which it declared the formal rupture of the ties of political dependence of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata with the Spanish monarchy. -
Ganymede was to take the place of Hebe as the taster of the gods, because she spilled the drink – the nectar – that made the gods immortal. Thorvaldsen modelled the group sculpture in 1817 and it exists in several marble copies.Sculptor: Bertel Thorvaldsen. -
This period ended in 1820.
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The romanticismo began in 1820. -
The first photographic process was invented by Niépce around 1824. Images were obtained with Judea bitumen, spread on a silver plate, after an exposure time of several days. In 1829, Niépce joined Louis Jacques Mandé Daguerre in his research. -
A Midsummer Night's Dream is a musical work written by composer Felix Mendelssohn, based on the play of the same name written by English playwright William Shakespeare. Mendelssohn composed the musical work at different times in his life. -
The Desperate Man is a painting by the French painter Gustave Courbet, executed between 1845 and 1846, is a self-portrait of the artist in the image of a young man looking at the viewer with despair and impatience.
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Gustavo Adolfo Claudio Domínguez Bastida (1836-1870), better known as Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer, was a Spanish poet and storyteller, belonging to the Romanticism movement. -
Alfonso XII of Spain, nicknamed "the Peacemaker" was king of Spain between 1874 and 1885. Son of Queen Isabella II
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Classical music in the 20th century was extremely diverse. It began with the continuation of the movements in force at the end of the 19th century such as the late Romantic and post-Romantic styles. -
The romanticism finished in 1910. -
It was an armed conflict that began in Mexico on November 20, 1910. The background of the conflict dates back to Mexico's situation under the dictatorship known as the Porfiriato. -
It was a warlike confrontation centered in Europe that began on July 28, 1914 and ended on November 11, 1918, when Germany accepted the conditions of the armistice.
