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European powers sought to acquire colonies in Africa. Africans were enslaved. Furthermore, raw goods were transported out of Africa. Author Joseph Conrad experienced these moments. He served a Belgian trading company and was shocked at all of the cruelty.
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Over 12 million Africans were transported to the Americas. Africans were enslaved.
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The Portuguese introduced Christianity and firearms.
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Approximately two million people were killed during this famine.
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Miguel de Cervantes . First Modern novel
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Europeans banned from Japan. The Netherlands are the only exception.
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French comedy written by Moliere. Further adaptations in 1978
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The Kangxi Emperor allows foreign ships.
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People suspected of participating in witchcraft were murdered.
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After his death, Irish Catholics were oppressed. These events inspired Jonathan Swift to write "A Modest proposal."
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Japanese play created by Chikamatsu Monzaemon.
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Written by Jonathan Swift. Satirical essay.
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Transformed European culture and philosophy. Caused nearly 100,000 deaths.
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Voltaire's opposition to militarism.
Atrocities of the war outlined in Candide. -
French Satire written by Voltaire.
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Independenct thoughts encouraged many writers to write about controversial topics.
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Written By Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Described the best way to set up political entities in order to solve problems. Rousseau state that people were sovereign and had the right to establish a government.
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After struggles with Britain, the colonies separate and form the United States of America.
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Movememnt by many elites
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Immanuel Kant writes about moving away from traditional philosophy and metaphysics.
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The French monarchs and churches had significant influence prior to this period. Following the American Revolution, the French were inspired to fight for democracy.
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Work by William Blake, including The Little Black Boy and The Chimney Sweeper
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Peasants stormed the Bastille, marking the beginning of the French Revolution.
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Completed in 1797 by Samuel Taylor Coleridge.
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Wordsworth and Coleridge developed a new poetic tradition that featured "language really used by men."
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Author:William Wordsworth. Includes We Are Seven and
Lines written a few miles above Tintern Abbey -
By Goethe part 1 published in 1808
part 2 published in 1831 -
Constantinople decided to opt out of succession to the throne. Nicholas I assumed power, this incited rebellions and protests.
Revolts were controlled. More censorship on textbooks put in place. -
Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels published this document.
"Workers of the world, unite!" -
German Revolution led by intellectuals. This group sought more freedom and the unification of Germany.
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A struggle for independence from the Austrian Empire. Tsar Nicholas I put down the revolt and restored Austrian Empire.
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Written by Herman Melville
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Constantine Cavafy, William Butler Yeats, Rainer Maria Rilke, T.S. Elliot, Anna Akhmatova, Federico Garcia Lorca, Pablo Neruda, Aime Cesaire, Octavio Paz.
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Cao Xueqin
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Written by Leo Telstoy
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Higuchi Ichiyo
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written by Joseph Conrad
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Political poem by Pablo Neruda.
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Following Japan's surrender, the U.S. stayed in Japan in order to restructure the government. Transformation of Japan into a democracy.
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Sought to abolish Constitutional Monarchy. Freedom from British rule.
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Novel by Barry Hughart
