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The decline of the Western Roman Empire, or the fall of the Roman Empire, refers to the root causes and events that led to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire. September 4, 476, the date of the abdication of Romulus Augustus, the last emperor of the Western Roman Empire, is generally considered to mark the end of this period. -
Al-Jazari made the first programmable humanoid robot in 1206 which innovated on non-programmable automata. Al-Jazari's robot, made for royal celebrations, was initially a boat floating on a lake and carrying four automatic musicians. -
In 1450, in his workshop in Mainz, Gutenberg perfected the printing process: his hand-operated press made it possible to reproduce the shape of previously inked metal characters on paper. The first book printed in this way, the Bible has forty two lines in 1454 -
First landing of Christopher Columbus in America (painting by Dióscoro Puebla (en) from 1862).
The "discovery of America" usually corresponds to the landing in 1492 on the current American continent (also called "New World") of a group of about a hundred people led by the navigator Christopher Columbus and commissioned by Queen Isabella I of Castile.