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476
The fall of the Roman Empire of the West
Odoacar invaded Italy and defeated Orestes and deposed Romulus Augustus on September 4, 476. He then invited Zeno to be the emperor of the Eastern and Western Empire. Zeno accepted the invitation while Julius Nepo was killed by his own soldiers in 480. -
476
BEGINNING OF THE MIDDLE AGES
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511
Clodoveo death
Clodoveos king is divided between his two children. -
800
Charlemagne, the emperor of the Romans
Charlemagne or Charles the Great was a Frankish king who extended his kingdom and covered almost all of Western and Central Europe. He was declared the emperor of the Romans in 800 AD and enjoyed the empire until his death. -
843
Treaty of Verdun
The Carolingian Empire was divided into three parts in August 843 AD through the Treaty of Verdun, which ended a three-year civil war. -
962
Holy Roman Empire of Germany
Otto I was the successor of Henry the Fowler, the Duke of Saxony who became the first Saxon emperor. Like his father, Otto I managed to protect the Germans against the Magyar invaders. He chose to create a German monastery. This natural loyalty to the German Church and kingdom helped him gain control over the dukes of the rebellion and establish his empire. In 962 AD, the papacy of Italy invited him and declared him as the Emperor of Italy and established his Holy Roman Empire. -
1066
The Battle of Hastings
On October 14, 1066, William the Conqueror, Duke of Normandy, defeated the last Anglo-Saxon king: Harold II. William the Conqueror thus established the Norman Empire and to protect him he rewarded all his Norman supporters who fought for him in war with large portions of England's land. In this way, he divided all the English land into mansions and established the feudal system and manoralism. -
1215
Declaration of the Magna Carta
The Magna Carta Libertatum, or the Great Charter of the Freedoms of England, was originally issued in 1215 A.D. This letter is considered the first step towards the constitutional government of England. The Magna Carta restricted the Emperor's power and demonstrated the importance of a Constitution. -
1400
The Black Death and the Rise of Florence
In 1347, the Black Death began ravaging Europe. Ironically, by killing a large percentage of the population, the plague improved the economy, allowing wealthy people to invest in art and display, and engage in secular scholarly study. Francesco Petrarch, the Italian humanist and poet called the father of the Renaissance, died in 1374. By the end of the century, Florence was becoming a center of the Renaissance. -
1450
The Rise of Rome and the de Medici Family
Works produced during this period include Jan van Eyck's "Adoration of the Lamb" (1432), Leon Battista Alberti's essay on perspective called "On Painting" (1435), and his essay "On the Family" in 1444, which provided a model for what Renaissance marriages should be. -
1453
START OF THE RENAISSANCE
Fall of the Byzantine empire, -
1483
Martin Luther
Born in Eisleben, Germany, in 1483, Martin Luther went on to become one of Western history’s most significant figures. -
1492
ENDING OF THE MIDDLE AGES
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1492
Discovery of America
In the 15th Century, Christopher Columbus (Genoa, 1451?-Valladolid, 1506) conceives the idea of getting to The Maluku Islands (the trade center of spices). He decides to take a short cut used by the Portuguese sailors, but his King, John the II of Portugal (Lisbon, Portugal, 1455-Alvor, Portugal, 1495) refuses. Columbus offers the project to the Catholic Monarchs in 1486, starting the pilgrimage that will lead him to his goal. -
1542
Revolution of astronomical ideals by nicolas copernico
In the 1530s that Nicolaus Copernicus, a cathedral cleric in a small Polish city, had written a revolutionary theory on the cosmos. To the frustration of many, however, the secretive clergyman was refusing to publish it. -
START OF BAROQUE
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Galileo telescope development
Galileo invented many mechanical devices other than the pump, such as the hydrostatic balance. ... Galileo made his first telescope in 1609, modeled after telescopes produced in other parts of Europe that could magnify objects three times. He created a telescope later that same year that could magnify objects twenty times. -
The 30 year war started
The German-speaking states in the early modern period (1500–1800) were divided politically and religiously. They all suffered greatly in the Thirty Years War (1618–1648). Catholic Austria and Lutheran Prussia were the major players. -
Legrenzi
Giovanni Legrenzi (baptized August 12, 1626 – May 27, 1690) was an Italian composer of opera, vocal and instrumental music, and organist, of the Baroque era. He was one of the most prominent composers in Venice in the late 17th century, and extremely influential in the development of late Baroque idioms across northern Italy. -
Louis XIV becomes the king of France
Born on September 5, 1638, Louis was christened Louis-Dieudonné, meaning 'gift of God' and became king at the age of four upon the death of his father, Louis XIII (1601-1643). -
England becomes a republic
With the death of King Charles I in 1649 England became a republic. It is known as the Commonwealth. In 1653 Oliver Cromwell became Lord Protector and began what is usually referred to as The Protectorate. Monarchists call this period in history the interregnum. -
ENDING OF THE RENAISSANCE
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Moliere writes the Tartuffe
One of the most famous theatrical comedies by Molière. The characters of Tartuffe, Elmire, and Orgon are considered among the greatest classical theatre roles. -
Period: to
The age of enlightenment
In this context enlightenment despotism appeared. This was a political system in which absolutist monarchs carried out a series of important reforms based on Enlightenment ideas, but without consulting the common people or changing the social system of the time. As a result there was a series of liberal revolutions, -
START OF CLASSICAL PERIOD
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ENDING OF BAROQUE
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Period: to
The Neoclassical Movement
Neoclassical Movement had been an influential and widespread movement in the Western phase of art especially in painting, decorative and other visual arts. It began in Rome in the 1760s and continued till 1850 and inspired by antiquity. -
ENDING OF THE CLASSICAL PERIOD
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The first industrial revolution
New sources of energy appeared. Machinery started to be used in textile production and agriculture, as well as to transport goods, and work started to be organised in a different way. All of these factors led to started to be organised in a different way. All these factors led to a modern, industrial society and growth in production and commerce.
