-
The Invention of the Speed Drill
The inventor of the speed dril was Jethro Tull. The speed drill involved a revolving cylinder with grooves carved in it which allowed seed to move from a hopper above to a funnel below in the drill. The seeds were then sown in a channel dug by a plough at the front of the machine, which was subsequently covered by a harrow at the back. Planting the seeds at regular intervals, at the same depth, and in a straight line reduced waste and enhanced harvest yields considerably. -
The Invention of the Newcomen Atmospheric Engine
Newcomen created the first functional atmospheric steam engine in 1712. The engine used a vacuum formed by condensed steam to push water. It became a significant means of draining water from deep mines, making it an important part of Britain's Industrial Revolution. -
The Invention of the Water Frame
Frame for water, A water-powered spinning machine used in textile manufacturing to create cotton yarn suitable for warp (lengthwise threads). R. Arkwright patented it in 1769 as an improvement on James Hargreaves' spinning jenny, which produced a weaker thread suitable only for weft. -
The Creation of the Law of Diminishing Marginal Returns
David Ricardo (1772–1823) was a classical economist best known for his theory on wages and profit, the labor theory of value, the theory of comparative advantage, and the theory of rents. David Ricardo and several other economists also simultaneously and independently discovered the law of diminishing marginal returns. -
The Creation of the Concept of Gross Domestic Product
Smith is also credited with coining the term "gross domestic product" (GDP) and developing a theory to compensate for pay disparities. Dangerous or unattractive employment, according to this hypothesis, tend to pay higher wages in order to attract workers to these positions. Smith's most famous contribution to economics was "An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations," published in 1776. -
The Invention of the Steamboat
The Clermont transported sixty passengers for a five-cent-per-mile fare. It had a long and narrow hull, two 12-foot paddle wheels, a 24-horsepower steam engine developed and built by James Watt, and a 20-foot copper boiler. Fulton's steamboat, which targeted consumers ready to pay a premium for speed, made a tidy profit in its first year and gained popular approval for steamboat travel. -
The Invension of the Cotton Gin
Eli Whitney (1765-1825), a U.S.-born inventor, created the cotton gin in 1794, a machine that revolutionized cotton manufacturing by dramatically speeding up the process of extracting seeds from cotton fiber. Cotton had become America's most important export by the mid-nineteenth century. -
The Invention of the Sewing Machine
In 1846, Elias Howe patented the world's first lockstitch sewing machine. His invention made it possible to mass-produce sewing machines and garments. As a result, the sewing industry was transformed, and women were liberated from part of the drudgery of daily living at the time. -
The Creation of the Communist Manifesto
Marx and fellow German theorist Friedrich Engels released "The Communist Manifesto" in 1848, introducing their concept of socialism as a natural conclusion of the capitalism system's inherent problems. -
The Invention of the Telegraph Cable
Cyrus West Field came up with the idea for the telegraph cable in 1854 and was granted a charter to install a well-insulated line across the Atlantic Ocean. Beginning in 1857, he made four failed efforts. The Agamemnon, the Valorous, the Niagara, and the Gorgon–four British and American ships–met in mid-ocean for the fifth attempt in July 1858. Unfortunately, the cable was weak and the current was insufficient, and the system had stopped working by the beginning of September. -
The Invention of the Celluloid
Celluloid was easily molded and shaped, and it was first widely used as an ivory replacement. The main use was in movie and photography film industries, which used only celluloid film stock prior to the adoption of acetate safety film in the 1950s. -
The Invention of the Rotary Engine
Watt was a wealthy man by 1790, and in 1800 he retired and focused solely on research. The rotary engine, the double-action engine, and the steam indicator, which tracks the steam pressure inside the engine, are only a few of the major inventions he patented.