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James Watt
James Watt was a Scottish inventor who improved the work of the steam engine. It was originally created by Thomas Newcomen. With scientific investigations, he was able to have a better understanding of how the steam engine works. -
Thomas Malthus
Observed that an increase in the nation's food production would also improve our well-being. This was only temporary because it lead to population growth. It improved our production levels. -
Spinning Jenny
The spinning jenny was invented by James Hargreaves. He wanted to increase the speed of textile production. It had a multi-spindle spinning frame to produce more. -
Mutual-Aid Societies
These groups were formed to help those limited to mainstream services and support. One of the first made was the Free African Society. It was to help aid the newly freed African Americans. -
Cotton Gin
Eli Whitney was the inventor of the cotton gin. It was a machine that quickly separated cotton fibers from the seeds. Then, it could be processed for production of goods. -
Charles Darwin
Darwin was an English naturalist who developed the theory of evolution. He is credited for his theory of Natural Selection. Organisms that adapt to their environment survive and produce more offspring. -
Karl Marx
Marx studied economics, politics, and society. He understands the working class and the ruling class. Capitalism produced a classless society, which created more flexibility in the class system. -
Thomas Edison
An American businessman who was known to be the greatest inventor. He developed the electric power generation, specifically the electric light bulb. Other areas of interest were communication, sound, and motion pictures. -
Germ Theory
Louis Pasteur is known for his scientific method for many diseases. Microorganisms or "germs" can lead to diseases. Other environmental or hereditary factors can determine the severity. -
Social Gospel
It was a movement in Protestantism. It applied to the social inequality issues that the Christians faced. A practice that would lead them to social reform. -
Social Darwinism
Social Darwinism is the theory that people subject to the laws of natural selection. They argued that the strong should see their power and wealth increase. The poor would be opposite. -
Airplane
The first American airplane was invented by the Wright brothers. The aircraft was powered by fuel, a jet engine, and propellers. This original creation was altered throughout the years. -
Assembly Line
The moving assembly line was developed for the Ford Model. Parts are added in a sequence and it is much more efficient. There was less labor and it saved a lot of money. -
Socialism
Socialism is any various economic and political theories that administrates the means of production and distribution of goods. The term was coined by a founder of utopian socialism, Saint-Simon. Another person involved was Robert Owen. -
Communism
Communism is a political theory derived from Karl Marx. The movement was to establish a communist society. There is no government, and the wealth is divided among the people.
