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Biological/Nueroscience
The study of the brain. Nuerotransmitters, drugs, epilepsy, seizures...everything that could effect or be cause by a nueral process. -
Origin of Species by Darwin
Charles Darwin theorized that nature selects those that best enable an organism to survive in the environment. He introduced this theory of natural selection and evolution. -
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Evolutionary
Darwin's belief that humans do things because of what the first humans had to deal with. Such as why we choose the mates we choose. -
"Principles of Physiological Psychology."
Wundt's book defined introspection, or internal perception. He founded 2 exxperimental pssychology labs.
The person had to be aware of their thoughts and reactions to a specific stimulus. He believed varying conditions of experiment would enhance the generality of observations.
He published his book on this day. -
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Structuralism
The study focused on breaking down mental processes into basic components. Wundt looked into basic elements of consciousness.
This was the first school of thought in Psychology. -
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Cognition
Study of the mind and it's processes. How it evolves and develops from childhood. -
Ebbinghaus' syllable experiment
Hermann Ebbinghaus wanted to test his memory on a list of nonsense syllables. He memorized them one day and then the next he tested himself to see how much he recalled. HE found that the more time he spent memorizing, the more he remembered. He was able to define skills like rehearsal and retieval.
This is the date he put out his statements on his findings. -
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Psychoanalysis
Study of how one's experiences and current life link back to childhood or previous events. Study of why someone is who they are. -
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Functionalism
The field of study that linked each individual to their society and analyzed how they affected their society. -
Freud's Findings on Dreams
Freud theorized that a dream has manifest content, what happens in the dream, and latent content, the underlying meaning. This opened the door for dream interpretation and the study of REM sleep. -
Pavlov's dog
Pavlov won the nobel peace prize for his conditioning on the dog. He used the dog's gland to measure it's saliva when it ate food. Before the dog ate the food he sounded a bell. The bell became the conditioned stimulus which made the dog salivate without any food. This led to findings on spontaneous recovery and extinction. -
John Watson and "Little Albert"
Watson believed that behaviors are conditioned responses. 11 month old Albert was afraid of a loud sound but not afraid of rats. When watson presented the rat he also sounded a loud tone that frightened the rat and then Albert was terrified of furry animals even without the sound.
Watson put hisds experiment to the test during this year. -
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Behaviorism
Study of behaviors on animals and humans. This deals with how people are motivated and how rewards are involved. -
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Socio-Cultural
How people interact and contribute to their society. Each person is influenced by their culture and behave either in accordance or against their culture. -
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
In Maslow's Theory of Human Motivation he introduced his hierarchy of needs. The most basic biological and safety needs for survival are at the bottom of the pyramid and love,esteem and self actualization are at the top of the pyramid. You must complete each basic need to advance to self actualization. His paper was released on this date. -
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Humanism
One's personal development and eventual achievement of self-actualization. -
Solomon Asch's Conformity test
Even when Asch's students knew they'd be wrong, they conformed and also went along with the wrong answer other students had given just to conform.
When confederates, or co experimenters gave wrong answers, the students did as well. However when only one confederate gave the wrong answer, the student was more likely to choose what they thought was right. -
Human Motivation Experiment
Douglas McGregor stated that theory X people will work harder if they are miotivated by incentives. Theory Y people enjoy social communication and are intrinsically motivated by employee involvement. -
split brain experiment
Philipl Vogel and Joseph Bogen speculated that epileptic seizures were caused by an amplification of brain activity that is transferred between the two brain hemispheres by the corpus callosum. After the experiment the patients were normal and were releived of their seizures.
