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History of Healthcare Reinhard

  • Period: 4000 BCE to 3000 BCE

    Early beginnings

  • Disease Caused by
    3900 BCE

    Disease Caused by

    Evil spirits
  • 3600 BCE

    Treatments for the sick

    Blood letting
    Exorcism
    Prayer
  • Medicines used today
    3100 BCE

    Medicines used today

    • Digitails - treat heart conditions
    • Quinine - controls fever, relieves muscle spams, helps prevent malaria
    • Belladonna and atropine - relieve muscle spasm
    • Morphine - pain medication
  • Period: 2999 BCE to 399

    Ancient Times

  • Ancient Egyptians
    2900 BCE

    Ancient Egyptians

    • Health Records - Egyptians were first to keep accurate records
    • who are physicians - priests
    • how did they heal - medicines, called upon gods
  • Ancient Chinese
    1900 BCE

    Ancient Chinese

    • Development of acupuncture - treat a variety of illness and disease with stone tools
  • Ancient Greeks
    900 BCE

    Ancient Greeks

    Illness cause Nature vs. Spiritual - kept records on what they observed on the illness cause, this helped eliminate superstition in the future
    Dissection - religious custom did not allow bodies to be dissected
    Hippocrates - wrote the standard of ethics called the oath of Hippocrates
  • Ancient Roman’s
    100

    Ancient Roman’s

    • Sanitation Systems - learned and developed a sanitation system from the Greeks
    • Organize medical care - first people to organize medical care
    • Hospital development - Roman’s had a house for the ill which then began hospitals
  • Period: 400 to 700

    Dark age

  • Stopped the study of medicine
    500

    Stopped the study of medicine

    They stopped because the church believed that life and death were in God’s hands; and hand no interest in how the body functioned.
  • How do they treat disease
    700

    How do they treat disease

    Prayers
  • Period: 800 to 1400

    Middle Age

  • Epidemics
    1100

    Epidemics

    Caused millions of deaths during this time
  • Period: 1350 to

    Renaissance

  • Rebirth
    1450

    Rebirth

    • Universities - schools for research
    • Dissection - acceptance of dissection on the body for study
    • Books - allowing greater access to knowledge from research
  • Period: 1501 to

    16th and 17th Centuries

  • Leonardo de Vinci
    1515

    Leonardo de Vinci

    Studied and recorded the anatomy of the body
  • Gabrielle Fallopius
    1550

    Gabrielle Fallopius

    Discovered Fallopian tubes of female anatomy
  • Bartolommeo Eustachio
    1563

    Bartolommeo Eustachio

    Discovered tube leading from ear to throat (Eustachian tube)
  • William Harvey

    William Harvey

    Was able to describe circulation of the blood and pumping of the heart
  • Antonie von Leeuwenhoek

    Antonie von Leeuwenhoek

    Invented the microscope
  • Apothecaries

    Apothecaries

    Another word for early pharmacies started in this time
  • Period: to

    18th century

  • Benjamin Franklin

    Benjamin Franklin

    Discoveries (bifocals, cold passes from one to another)
  • Medical students learning

    Medical students learning

    Attended lectures in classroom and lab but also bedside along patients
  • Joseph Priestley

    Joseph Priestley

    Discovered the element oxygen
    Plants refresh air making it usable for respiration
  • Edward Jenner

    Edward Jenner

    Discovered method of vaccination for smallpox
  • Rene Laennec

    Rene Laennec

    Invented the stethoscope
  • Period: to

    19th and 20th Centuries

  • Ignaz Semmelweis

    Ignaz Semmelweis

    Identified the cause of child fever
  • Florence Nightingale

    Florence Nightingale

    Founder of modern nursing
  • Louis Pasteur

    Louis Pasteur

    “Father of microbiology”
    Discovered that tiny microorganisms were everywhere
  • Dmitri Ivanovski

    Dmitri Ivanovski

    Discovered viruses
  • Joseph Lister

    Joseph Lister

    Used carbolic acid on wounds to kill germs
  • Ernst von Bergmann

    Ernst von Bergmann

    Developed asepsis
  • Robert Koch

    Robert Koch

    Developed the culture plate method to identify pathogens
  • Paul Ehrlich

    Paul Ehrlich

    On his 606th experiment he found a cure for syphilis
  • Wilhelm Roentgen

    Wilhelm Roentgen

    Discovered x-rays
  • Anesthesia

    Anesthesia

    No anesthesia
    Used herbs, hashish, and alcohol to relive pain
  • Sir Alexander Fleming

    Sir Alexander Fleming

    Discovery of penicillin
  • Sigmund Freud

    Sigmund Freud

    Discovered the conscious and unconscious parts of the mind
  • Gerhard Domagk

    Gerhard Domagk

    Discovered sulfonamide
  • Jonas Salk

    Jonas Salk

    Discovered A dead polio virus would cause immunity to poliomyelitis
  • Albert Sabin

    Albert Sabin

    Used a live polio virus vaccine
  • Francis Crick and James Watson

    Francis Crick and James Watson

    Discovered the molecular structure of DNA
  • Christian Barnard

    Christian Barnard

    Performed the first successful heart transplant
  • Ben Carson

    Ben Carson

    Separating Siamese twins
    Surgeries on the brain to stop seizures