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To treat the sick some used herbs and plants as medicine. Some doctors performed a ceremony to exorcise the evil spirits. Many medicines from back then are still used today like Quinine, Digitalis, Morphine, Belladonna, and Atropine. -
The Ancient Egyptians were the first to keep accurate health records. The Ancient Chinese used stone tools to treat many diseases and illnesses. The Ancient Greeks believed that medicine was an art and not only a profession. The Romans were the first to organize all of their medical care. They also started to use buildings to care for people. -
The study of medicine had stopped during this time because the Church had believed life and death was in God’s hands. The most used treatment was praying. -
Many deaths during this time period were caused due to epidemics. -
The rebirth of learning was seen again during this time. Many medical schools and universities were being built for research. They used dissection as a study. Books were being made to have bigger resources when studying. -
Learning continued through this time. Leonardo da Vinci studied the anatomy of the body. William Harvey learned a lot about physiology. Gabrielle Fallopius had discovered Fallopian tubes from the female anatomy. Bartolommeo Eustachio discovered the Eustachian tube which is the tube leading from the ear to the throat. Antonie von Leeuwenhoek invented the microscope. Apothecaries also started during this time. Apothecaries were early pharmacies. -
A lot more learning was done during this time. Students attended many classes and were sometimes able to observe patients. René Laënnec had invented the stethoscope during this time. Joseph Priestley discovered the oxygen element. Benjamin Franklin discovered bifocals and discovered that colds can be passed from one person to another. Edward Jenner discovered a vaccination method for small pox. -
Since pain was a huge problem for people having surgeries they had discovered a solution which was Anesthesia. Ignaz Semmelweis discovered the cause of childbed fever. Louis Pasteur found out that tiny microorganisms are everywhere. Joseph Lister learned that microorganisms cause infection. Ernst von Bergmann created asepsis. Robert Koch introduced why it is important to sanitize and be clean. Wilhelm Roentgen discovered how to take pictures of the inside of the body, also known as x-rays. -
Albert Sabin used a live polio virus vaccine which was more effective and is still used today. Francis Crick and James Watson discovered the molecular structure of DNA. Christian Barnard completed the first successful heart transplant. Ben Carson performs hemispherectomies and separating Siamese twins. Florence Nightingale is known as the founder of modern nursing. -
Paul Ehrlich discovered the effects of medicine on diseases. Gerhard Domagk discovered sulfonamide compounds which helped kill bacteria. Dmitri Ivanovski found out some diseases are caused by microorganisms that you can’t see. Sigmund Freud discovered the conscious and unconscious parts of the mind. Sir Alexander Fleming figured out that penicillin killed life threatening bacteria. Jonas Salk discovered that a dead polio virus would cause immunity to poliomyelitis. -
Many advancements have been made up to this day. Doctors can now use organs from one persons body and give it to someone else who is in need. They are able to diagnose people without dissecting a body. Body parts can be reattached. Technology has grown and doctors can keep all of their history in a computer. Medicine has also improved and doctors are able to decide what specific one would work best.