-
300
Ghana
4th to 13th century
500 mi north from present day Ghana
had sophisticated ways of administration, taxation, big armies, lots of gold mines
Islam was not embraced but still respected -
500
Hausa
Between 500 and 700 A.D
They practiced islam
leadership was in early housa was based on ancestry -
Jan 1, 1000
Great Zimbabwe
15th to 18th century
Shona ancestors who spoke bantu started it
Expanded for more than 300 years
Stone walls remain - more than 1800 acres -
Jan 1, 1300
Yoruba
Earliest independent race of S Africa
Developed weapontry and constitution
People that live their today are from the Yoruba dynasty -
Jan 1, 1450
Mutapa
1450-1629
Streched from Zambezi in S Africa to Zimbabwe and Mozambique
According to oral tradition mwene was a warrior prince from S shona sent to find new sat sources and conquered the land he found he salt on
Religion revolved around ritual consultation of spirits -
Benin
17th 19 century
made many sculptures of there gods -
Kilwa
1450-1629
Streched from Zambezi in S Africa to Zimbabwe and Mozambique
According to oral tradition mwene was a warrior prince from S shona sent to find new sat sources and conquered the land he found he salt on
Religion revolved around ritual consultation of spirits -
Mali
A.D800 to 1600
The Mali empire is now the present day country of Mali, southern and western Mauritania and Senegal
Was mostly a savanna with a rainy and dry season
Respected islam but did not embrace it -
Songhai
9th to 16th century
Formerly a conquest of Mali: Kingdom of Gao
last major empire of the Western Sudan
Sonni Ali Ber came to power in 1464 and the dynasty began flourishing and much land was conquered as well as Timbuktu
Timbuktu was famous for its Islamic universities
When he died Muslim factions rebelled and the songhai empire reached its zenith under the Askias
