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Napoleon made territorial changes in German-speaking lands. He annexed lands for France, and he dissolved the Holy Roman Empire. He organized a number of German states into the Rhine Confederation.
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Congress of Vienna was a conference of ambassadors of European states chaired by Austrian statesman Klemens Wenzel von Metternich, and held in Vienna. The objective of the Congress was to settle the many issues arising from the French Revolutionary Wars, the Napoleonic Wars, and the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire.
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Otto von Bismarck was born in Schnönhausen to a wealthy family. His father was Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand von Bismarck and Wilhelmine Luise Menchken.
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The Zollverein, or German Customs Union, was a coalition of German states formed to manage tariffs and economic policies within their territories.
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Liberals meeting in the Frankfurt Assembly demand German political unity. They offered throne to Frederick William IV of Prussia, but he refused.
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Frederick William IV is offered the throne of a united Germany. He declines because it was offered by the 'people'.
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This was a prominent dynasty in Germany. They started to produce much steel during the mid 1800s.
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The Blood and Iron speech was given by Otto von Bismarck. It talked about how Germany won't be united by liberalism, but it would be united by power.
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Bismarck first served Prussia as a diplomat in Russia and France. In 1862, King William I made him prime minister.
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Bismarck declares war because he wanted to take the provinces of Schleswig and Holstein from Denmark.
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Bismarck makes up the excuse to attack Austira. This war lasted only seven weeks. Pussia ended up annexing several other north German states,
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Otto von Bismarck becomes the chancellor of Germany. Under his rule of chancellor, he unites Germany.
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This was a war to unite Germany against France. This ended up to be a German victory.
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Aftere William I, takes the throne of emperor, Germany nationalists celebrate as the second Reich (empire). It is considered the second empire to the Holy Roman Empire.
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Bismarck drafts a constitution with a two-house legislature. He appointed the upper house to the rulers of the German states. THe lower house was elected by universal male suffrage.
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Germany's population grew drastically from during this timespan. From a population of 41 million people in 1871, it grew to 68 million in 1913.
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Bismarck distrusted Catholics so he launched the Kulturkampf, meaning battle for civilization. His goals was to make Catholics put loyalty to the state above allegiance to the church.
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After the victory of France, princes from southern German states and the North German Confederation persuaded William I to become emperor. He was also called a kaiser.
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William II became Kaiser after asking Bismarck to step down. This shocked Europe.
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Otto von Bismarck resigns after William II asks him to step down the throne. This shocked Europe.
