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the decembrist revolt
In December of 1825 in St. Petersburg, Russia, a group of miltary officials staged a reovlt against Czar Nicholas I. These rebels were liberals who felt threatened by the new rulers conservative views. They were, however ,defeated by the czar's forces. As a result of this revolt, Nicholas I implemented a variety of new reforms. -
bloody sunday
Strikes and riots broke out throughout the country in outraged response to the massacre, to which Nicholas responded by promising the formation of a series of representative assemblies, or Dumas, to work toward reform.