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Soviet Russia's sudden embargo on West Berlin led America and Britain to transport all of the city's needs by airplane. This sustained effort took a year to convince Stalin to yield. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1945-1952/berlin-airlift
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Korea's division at the 38th parallel with Russia in the North and America in the South caused much tension. North Korea's sudden invasion resulted in much of Korea being taken until General MacArthur's counterattack. After which, the war ended up being a stalemate. http://www.history.com/topics/korean-war
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The Vietnam War was an unpopular war that began with Soviet's assistance of Ho Chi Minh. America felt threatened and used its resources and military might to bolster South Vietnam. This began a long and unnecessary war that had little results. http://www.history.com/topics/vietnam-war
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Soviet Russia was stockpiling nuclear weapons in Cuba. This led America to blockade Cuba and firmly request the removal of the weapons. Negotiation between Kennedy and Khrushchev ended this close nuclear emergency and helped put US/USSR relations to detente. http://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/cuban-missile-crisis
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Mikhail S. Gorbachev's policies created entirely new changes to how Russia operated. Due to this, tension between Russia and America slackened and hastened the end of the Cold War.