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The Civil Rights Act of 1866 was the first federal law to affirm that all American citizens were equally protected under the law. It also made it illegal to deny any person the rights of citizenship on the basis of their race or color.
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The 14th Amendment originally granted citizenship and equal civil and legal rights to African Americans and enslaved people who had been treated differently after the American Civil War. It was passed on June 13th 1866 and Ratified July 9th 1868.
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The 15th Amendment allowed African Americans the right to vote and also prohibited any state from denying a citizen's right to vote based off of their color, race, or sex. It was passed on February 26th 1869 but Ratified on February 3rd 1870.
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The woman suffrage amendment was introduced in the U.S congress in 1878 and was taken into the senate but was defeated in 1887.
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Plessy vs. Ferguson was a U.S. supreme court decision that upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation under the “separate but equal” doctrine. The case started when an African American train passenger named Homer Plessy refused to sit in a car for Black people.
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The "National Association for the Advancement of Colored People" or NAACP is a civil rights organization that was formed in 1909 as an interracial endeavor to advance justice for African Americans by a group of African Americans. Some people included W. E. B. Du Bois, Mary White Ovington, Moorfield Storey and Ida B. Wells.
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The 19th amendment legally guarantees american women the right to vote. It was passed on June 4th 1919 and Ratified August 18th 1920.
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Shelley vs. Kraemer was a U.S. supreme court case that held that restrictive covenants in real property deeds which prohibited the sale of property to non-Caucasians unconstitutionally violated the equal protection provision of the Fourteenth Amendment.
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Brown v. Board Of Education was a supreme court case in which the justices ruled unanimously that racial segregation of children in public schools was unconstitutional. It was argued on December 9th-11th 1952 and then reargued on December 7th-9th 1953 and was finally decided on May 17th 1954.
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Rosa Parks was a civil rights activist that fought for the struggle for racial equality when she refused to give up her bus seat to a white man in Montgomery Alabama. She was arrested on December 1st 1955 and that launched the Montgomery Bus Boycott by 17,000 African American citizens.
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The Civil Rights Act Of 1964 is a civil rights and labor law in America that outlaws discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, and national origin. It was passed on July 2nd 1964
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The National Organization for Women is an american feminist organization that was found on June 30th 1966. It was found by a group of activists who wanted to end sex discrimination. One of the members aka the Co-Founder was Betty Friedan.
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Green v. County School Board of New Kent County was a U.S. supreme court case involving school desegregation. Specifically, the Court dealt with the freedom of choice plans created to avoid compliance with the Supreme Court's mandate in Brown II in 1955.
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Swann vs. Charlotte Mecklenburg Board of Education was a supreme court case dealing with the busing of students to promote integration in public schools. On April 20th 1971 the supreme court upheld busing programs that aimed to speed up the racial integration of public schools in the United States.
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Proposition 209 is a California ballot proposition which, upon approval in November 1996, amended the state constitution to prohibit state governmental institutions from considering race, sex, or ethnicity, specifically in the areas of public employment, public contracting, and public education.