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The Dred Scott case took place from 1846 to 1857. The Supreme Court ruled that Dred Scott was not a legal U.S. citizen even though he was a freed slave. The case caused a divide between the northern states and the South states33 because they could not agree to remove slavery.
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The Emancipation Proclamation was an executive order by Lincoln that said that all slaves that are currently enslaved should be free. The proclamation did not make having slaves illegal, but it did help the Union have more manpower in the war. The proclamation strengthened the military, because freed slaves joined the military.
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The 13th Amendment made it illegal to have slaves in all 50 states. African Americans were now free and no longer could be held as slaves. Lincoln realized that the only way to prevent slavery from happening he had to make it an amendment.
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The amendment made it so all children born in the United States even formerly enslaved people have life, liberty, and equal protection. The new amendment became the basis for many decisions in the Supreme Court. The law made is illegal to discriminate in public accommodations.
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The 15th Amendment made it so all people despite race, color, and origin could vote. The law gave African American men the opportunity to vote. African American men could now take part in running for office and voting.
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The Supreme Court ruled that segregation was okay as long as both are equal. This was a huge step back for the equal rights movement because now there was no valid argument to get rid of segregation.
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The creation of the NAACP was due to a large amount of violence against African Americans around the country. The NAACP was a group that helped many laws get passed such as the Civil Rights Act of 1964, and other equality protection laws.
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The 19th Amendment makes it illegal to deny the right to vote based on their sex. This gave women the ability to vote. Now women had more say in who gets elected for President and other government positions effectively changing American for the better.
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Jackie Robinson was an African American professional baseball player. He broke the color barrier in baseball, and made it so African American people could join white baseball leagues now. He pretty much ended racial segregation in baseball. Jackie Robinson led to the integration of the Major Leagues.
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The Supreme Court ruled that separating kids in public schools based on race was unconstitutional overruling the “separate but equal” principle. This meant that kids could no longer be segregated in schools. This was a huge step for the Civil rights movement as it was one step closer to achieving equality.
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The Montgomery Bus Boycott was a civil rights protest in which African Americans refused to ride the city buses due to segregation. The protest took place from December 5, 1955, to December 20, 1956. It was the first US demonstration
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Little Rock Nine was a group of a student trying to go a school Central High School. They tried to get into the school but the national guard prevented them from entering the school. The event became a key part of the fight for equal rights in American education.
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The “I Have a Dream speech was a speech that opened people’s eyes to equality. The purpose of the “I Have a Dream” speech was to change white and black people during the Civil Rights. The speech influenced the government to take more action against racial inequality.
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The March of Washington was a protest with a quarter of a million people rushing to Washington D.C. demanding an end to segregation and inequality. The march pressured the administration of John F Kenndy to create a strong federal civil rights bill in Congress.
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The Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibits discrimination against race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. The act outlawed all of the literacy tests that African Americans had to take to vote. The act strengthing the enforcement of voting rights.
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Freedom Summary was a voter registration drive with its goal being to increase the number of registered Black voters in Mississippi. Freedom Summer eventually helped pass the Voting Rights act of 1965.
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The Act outlawed discriminatory voting practices, such as literacy tests as a prerequisite for voting. Now African Americans could now vote without having to worry about the literacy tests that they would have to take in order to vote. The law made it so more African American people had a say in the government.
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The March's purpose was to exercise African Americans’ right to vote. Some anti-equality people started violence at the Marches. The marches were a pivotal turning point in the Civil Rights movement. The marches caused the Voting Rights Act of 1965 to be presented to Congress. This was a huge step for the Civil Rights program.
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The National Organization for Women is an activist group for women. It is the largest feminist group in the United States with over a half million people. NOW helped draft a new Civil rights act. Now women had the right to monetary damages and jury trials for sex discrimination and sexual harassment. This group gave women the power to protect themselves.
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The creation of the Black Panther Party was mostly because of police brutality. All the members were armed, and they had the idea of Black nationalism. The party challenged the police, and protect other African Americans from brutality.
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Martin Luther King Jr. was standing on a balcony when James Earl Ray shot him with one bullet. The criminal was sentenced to 99 years in prison. Martin Luther King Jr’s death strengthened the Black Power movement. His death did not end the Civil Rights movement, instead, it increased the amount of supporters for it.
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The Equal Rights Amendment made it so men and women have the same legal rights as each other. It was designed to invalidate federal laws that were put in place. The amendment made sure that women were treaty equally in the workplace.
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Title IX is a federal law that ensured that male and female students and employees were treated equally. Women were now protected against people forcing them out of education. Women teachers were also protected from losing their jobs. This was a huge stride for equality and the Civil rights movement.
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In Roe vs Wade, the Supreme Court ruled that the right to liberty means that women have the right to decide whether or not to continue a pregnancy or not. This now allows women to abort their pregnancies if they want to do so.
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Jim Crow laws were made to restrict African American people. The laws prevented African Americans from getting paid well, and getting good jobs. This was a huge setback for the Civil rights movement, because it legalized racial segregation in the United States.