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Jan 1, 1206
The Mongol Conquest
The Mongol Conquest took place from 1206 to 1324. These were invasions by mongolians on Eurasia. Genghis Khan was the founder of the Mongol Empire and led many of these conquests. The conquests were massacres on the civilizations. Kublai Khan also ruled in Mongolia and China and led many massacres as well. -
Jan 1, 1254
Marco Polo
Marco Polo lived from 1254 to 1324. He was a Venetian merchant traveler and had an interest in trade. He traveled on the Silk Road. He also went on a 24 year journey and came back to his country at war. He traveled on many expeditions. -
Jan 1, 1420
The Forbidden City
The Forbidden City was built from 1406 to 1420. It was an imperial house in China from the Ming to the Qing Dynasties. It is located in Beijing and used to be home to the emperor and his household. It is now a museum. It is filled with art and artifacts in the imperial collections of the two dynasties. -
The Qing Dynasty
The Qing Dynasty ruled from 1644 to 1912. The dynasty had become highly integrated with Chinese culture throughout its reign. It was made up of 18 territories which was later expanded to 22. -
The Opium Wars
The first war was from 1839 to 1842 and the second was from 1856 to 1860. These two wars were the climax of the conflicts of trade and diplomatic relations between China and the British Empire. The United States and British merchants invested in the excess of opium. The dealers were arrested and a number of treaties were created and broken. This caused the two wars. -
The Boxer Rebellion
This was a peace movement from 1898 to 1901 where proto-nationalists led the movement with the "Righteous Harmony Society." They opposed foreign imperialism and Christianity. It came about because people were not happy with China's foreign influences, the opium trade, political invasion, and economic manipulation. -
The Open Door Policy
This happened in 1899 and was a concept in foreign affairs which allows several imperial powers to gain access to China, while none of them are in control of that country. This wasd created by Britain and was concluded with China after the first Opium war. -
The Revolution of 1911
This was a revolution that was against and overthrew the Qing Dynasty. It established the Republic of China. There were many revolts, riots, and uprisings and the revolution ended with the "Last Emporer" Puyi. This ended over 2000 years of imperial rule in China. -
Chiang Kai-Shek & Kuomintang
Chiang Kai-Shek became the leader of the Kuomintang in 1925 when Sun died. The Kuomintang was a Nationalist Party in China. He led the Northern Expedition, unified China, and became the nominal ruler of China. He was also chairman of the National Military Council of the Nationalist goverment of the Republic of China. -
The Long March
This took place from 1934 to 1935. This was an alternate route taken by the Red Army of the Communist Party of China to avoid Kuomintang army. There wasd a series of marches because several communist armies in the south escaped to the north and west. -
The Japanese Invasion/Occupation
This took place from 1937 to 1941. China fought Japan with economic help from Germany, the Soviet Union, and the United States. This was the largest Asian War of the 20th century. It had more than 50% of the casualties in the Pacific War. -
Mao Tse-Tung and the CCP
He led the China Communist Party to a victory against the Kuomintang led by Chiang Kai-Shek in the Chinese Civil War. The final of his victories with the CCP was when they were invaded by Japan and civil war was protracted. -
The People's Republic of China
This was established in 1949 when the CCP had a great victory in the Chinese Civil War. It is the most recent political entity to rule over China. -
The Great Leap Forward
This took place from 1958 to 1961. It was used to make China's great population to transform the country from an agrarian economy into a modern communist society through the process of rapid industrialization and collectivization. -
The Cultural Revolution
The Cultural Revolution was a social-political movement that took place in the People's Republic of China from 1966 through 1976. The revolution marked the return of Mao Zedong to a position of power after the Great Leap Forward failed. -
Deng Xiaoping
He was the highest leader of the People's Republic of China from 1978 to 1992. He shared his power with the two most powerful men, Li Xiannian and Chen Yun. -
The Tiananmen Incident
This was a series of demonstrations in Beijing in 1989. -
The Silk Road
The Silk Road took place from 206 BCE to 220 CE and is about 4,000 miles long. The Silk Road connected Asia, Africa and Europe, It got its name because of the Chinese silk trade which made a lot of money. On the road, people traded paper, wool, silk, irrigation wheels, slaves, etc. The road greatly helped the economy of China. -
Hong Kong
Britain controlled Hong Kong until 1997 when it resumed its sovereignty.
