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The most innovated state. The rulers commanded a nation of farmers and trained them to be in armies.
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Created the Mandate of Heaven and overthrew the Shang as dominant leaders in north China. Remembered as a time of prosperity and benevolent rule.
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During this time, the states' scale and intensity of rivalry accelerated. States were absorbing other states and diminishing others.
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Full of gold and laid on a very wealthy piece of land. Nubians imitated Egypt's way of life.
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Capital of Nubia from the fourth century B.C.E. to the fourth century C.E. More independence from Egypt and influenced more by South Africa.
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Started during the Warring States Period and founded by Lao-tzu. Daosim urged withdrawls and rigid hierarchy.
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Concfucianism was about tradition and reflected on family. Practiced the importance of rituals to fix the "broken" society.
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Celtic groups occupied all of France, Britain, and Ireland. Never had a Celtic "nation." Often moved around and often described as cliche Irelanders.
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The Mandate of Heaven was the chief deity who was the pergotative of Heaven. Controlled with wisdom and if this deity coulld not justify himself, a new one would be appointed.
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In this time period, people grew millet, raised chickens and pigs and used stone tools. The Shang were the earliest dominant people in China that there are written records of.
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Thebes was still the center of administration in Egypt during the New Kingdoms. In this kingdom, lovers could speak to each other in terms of apparent equality, slowly eliminating sexism.
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Very first dynasty that followed the Golden Age. The successed by the Shang.
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Thebes was the center city where the administration took place. Early monarchs of the Middle Kingdom restored centeralized control by creating a new class of loyal administrators.
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The Amorite ruler of Babylon from 1792 - 1750 B.C.E. who took over many city-stattes in Mesopotamia and most recognized for a code of laws .
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Founded in 1894 B.C.E. Largest and most important city in Mesopotamia.
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The capital of the Old Kingdom was Memphis near the head of the Nile Delta. Created the step-pyramid in this time period.
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Thrived from 2600 - 1900 B.C.E. Mohenjo-Daro was the largest city in the civilization, but little to nothing is known about political institutions of the Indus Valley.
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Agricultural Revolution was first recognized here around 5000 B.C.E. Populated by Sumerians and Semites.
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The Pharaonic Period started about 3200 B.C.E. Also called the "Gift of the Nile" by Greek traveler, Herodotus, in fifth-century B.C.E.
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Form of writing using wedge-shaped symbols that represented words or syllables. Only taught to a small group of people and administrative scribes because it was so complicated.
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A system of writing where symbols represented sounds, syllables or conepts. Used for official and monumental inscriptions in ancient Egypt.
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The people who ihabitated mostly southern Mesopotamia until the end of the third millennium B.C.E. Created irrigation, cuniform, and religious thinkings.
