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In 681 Khan Asparuh crossed the Danube and founded the First Bulgarian State. Its borders are from the Danube River to the north to the Stara Planina in the south. The first Bulgarian capital became the town of Pliska.
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This is the period in which Khan Krum, called the Terrible. He is known for the first laws and with
His victory at the Battle of Varbitsa with Emperor Nicephorus I. -
This is the period in which he governs Prince Boris I. Today he is known for the conversion of the Bulgarian people and the acceptance of the disciples of the holy brothers Cyril and Methodius, Clement, Naum and Angelarius, thus paving the way for the newly created alphabet and Christianity on the Bulgarian lands. After the conversion, he received the name of Michael and the title of king.
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This period is called the Golden Age of Bulgaria, under the rule of Tsar Simeon I The Great. At that time the territory of Bulgaria is growing greatly and its borders touch three seas: Black Sea, Adriatic Sea and Aegan Sea.Tsar Simeon the Great moved the capital from Pliska to Preslav.
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This is the period in which King Peter I and King Samuel are consecutively governed. King Peter I made peace with Byzantium, but after that peace a war broke out. During the reign of Tsar Samuel many wars were waged, but the most severe was the defeat at Trajan's Gate by Emperor Vasiliy II, where the Bulgarian troops were defeated. In this view, the heart of King Samuel did not endure, and he died, and with him ends the First Bulgarian State.
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Nearly 2 centuries Bulgaria is under Byzantine rule. After the death of Basil II, several revolts broke out. The resurrection of Assen and Peter is successful, which brings freedom to the Bulgarian people. The capital of Bulgaria became the town of Veliko Tarnovo.
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The Second Bulgarian Kingdom (1185-1396) arose after the successful uprising of the Bulgarian aristocracy. The reign of the Asenecians dynasty began. They identify as the capital city Veliko Tarnovo. In this country, history decides to play an important role in the invasion of Ottoman Muslims. At the cost of its independence, Christian Bulgaria prevents the expansion of the Sultan in Europe.
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Five centuries Bulgaria is a province of the Ottoman Empire under the name Rumelia (land of Rome). The Bulgarians emanate spiritual and political leaders from the European scale, create new Bulgarian literary language, regain their church independence, organize their national liberation movement, whose peak is the April Uprising of 1876.His suppression was the direct cause of a massive international intervention culminating in the proclamation of the liberation Russo-Turkish War of 1877-1878.
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The San Stefano Peace Treaty of 03.03.1878 put an end to the Ottoman rule. The capital of Bulgaria has been declared Sofia and this is the capital today.
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Bulgaria is a small but very beautiful country. Exclusive relief and very rich history. Despite the difficulties experienced, the Bulgarians remain a friendly and hospitable people.
