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Period: 1096 to 1291
Crusades are Fought
The Crusades was a holy war between Christians and Muslims. And the Christians were unsuccessful with claiming the holy land. The crusades weren't a successful campaign but they extended trade routes. -
1300
Renaissance Begins
The french word for renaissance is rebirth. It brought us many things we use now. This is also when different beliefs started coming into place with God, like the protestant reformation. -
1337
100 Year War Begins
It was a war fought between France and England during the renaissance. The was started because Charles IV of France died in 1328 without a son. And Edward III of England then believed he had the right to become the new king of France through his mother. -
1347
Black Death Begins in Europe
The Black Death was a devastating global epidemic of bubonic plague that struck Europe and Asia in the mid-1300s. The plague arrived in Europe in October 1347, when 12 ships from the Black Sea docked at the Sicilian port of Messina. The Black Death is widely believed to have been the result of plague, caused by infection with the bacterium Yersinia pestis. -
Period: 1405 to 1433
Zheng He's Voyages
He traveled to many far places, going all the way to the African coast and establishing trade relations with over 25 countries. Zheng He brought back all sorts of interesting items including animals such a giraffe and camels. He also brought back diplomats from various countries to meet with the Chinese Emperor. -
1431
Joan of Arc Burned at The Stake
A French military leader of the fifteenth century, a national heroine who at the age of seventeen took up arms to establish the rightful king on the French throne. She claimed to have heard God speak to her in voices. These claims eventually led to her trial for heresy and her execution by burning at the stake. -
1445
Johannes Gutenberg printing press
There are many events in human history that are of great importance for the way we live today. Johannes Gutenberg's invention of the "movable type" printing press is one of the most important. Gutenberg produced what is considered to be the first book ever printed: a Latin language Bible. -
May 29, 1453
Fall of Constantinople
Sultan Mehmed II, ruler of the Ottoman Turks, took over the Byzantine Empire. And it was one of the most heavily fortified cities in the world. They used huge cannon to destroy the walls, warships were used to the cut the city's sea defense. -
Nov 1, 1478
Start of the Spanish Inquisition
Spanish Inquisition,judicial institution ostensibly established to combat heresy in Spain. In practice, the Spanish Inquisition served to consolidate power in the monarchy of the newly unified Spanish kingdom, But it achieved that end through infamously brutal methods. -
Period: Aug 3, 1492 to
Columbian Exchange
The Columbian exchange started to connect the New and Old Worlds with the transmission of ideas, plants, animals, and diseases. As Europeans sailed across the world, they brought with them foods they knew how to cook and materials they knew how to use. The Columbian exchange has changed the modern world through the introduction of invasive and nonnative species. -
Oct 12, 1492
Christopher Columbus Lands in the New World
Columbus set sail from Palos, Spain, with three small ships, the Santa Maria, the Pinta, and the Nina. Later that month, Columbus sighted Cuba, which he thought was mainland China. And in December the expedition landed on Hispaniola, which Columbus thought might be Japan. -
Period: Nov 6, 1494 to Sep 6, 1566
Sultan Suleiman Reign
Suleyman the Magnificent ruled the Ottoman Empire for 46 years between 1520 - 1566 and doubled his territory. He waged three major campaigns against Persia. Süleyman built strong fortresses to defend the places he took from the Christians and adorned the cities of the Islamic world with mosques, bridges, aqueducts, and other public works. -
Period: 1500 to
Slave Trade
The transatlantic slave trade was responsible for the forced migration of between 12 - 15 million people from Africa to the Western Hemisphere. The slave trade not only led to the violent transportation overseas of millions of Africans but also to the deaths of many millions more. Britain became the world's leading slave trading power. -
1506
Mona Lisa Completed
The Mona Lisa is a half-length portrait painting by the Italian Renaissance artist Leonardo da Vinci. She was an Italian noblewoman and her painting is the world's most enduring symbol of feminine mystique. The Mona Lisa is the best known, most visited, and overall most famous work of art in the entire world. -
1508
Michelangelo begins painting the Sistine Chapel
The Sistine Chapel is one of the most famous painted interior spaces in the world, and virtually all of this fame comes from the breathtaking painting of its ceiling. The ceiling program is centered around several scenes from the Old Testament beginning with the Creation of the World and ending at the story of Noah and the Flood. It took Michelangelo four years to paint the Sistine Chapel. -
Period: 1509 to Jan 28, 1547
King Henry VIII Reign
King Henry had six wives, two daughters, and one son. He played a significant role in the English Reformation, instigating the Church of England's break from Rome in 1532 in order to marry his second wife, Anne Boleyn. Besides asserting the sovereign's supremacy over the Church of England, he greatly expanded royal power during his reign. -
Aug 23, 1514
Battle of Chaldiran
The Ottoman empire defeated the Safavids empire. Then the Ottomans annexed eastern Anatolia and northern Iraq from Safavid Iran. After the terrible loss, Isma'il didn't attend in any battles and turned into an aimless, self-indulgent king. -
Oct 31, 1517
Martin Luther post 95 Theses
Acting on this belief, he wrote the “Disputation on the Power and Efficacy of Indulgences,” also known as “The 95 Theses,” a list of questions and propositions for debate. Popular legend has it that on October 31, 1517 Luther defiantly nailed a copy of his 95 Theses to the door of the Wittenberg Castle church. His “95 Theses,” which propounded two central beliefs -
1521
Cortés Defeats Aztecs
Hernan Cortés invaded Mexico in 1519 and conquered the Aztec Empire. He overthrew the Aztecs by force and captured Tenochtitlan in 1521 Also, many of the indigenous people were wiped out from European diseases such as smallpox. -
1532
"The Prince"
The Prince begins with an address to Lorenzo de Medici, in which Machiavelli explains that he is seeking favor with the prince by offering him some of his knowledge. Niccolò Machiavelli was an Italian diplomat, politician, historian, philosopher, humanist, writer, playwright and poet of the Renaissance period. He has often been called the father of modern political science. -
Period: Sep 7, 1533 to
Queen Elizabeth's Reign
Elizabeth I was Queen of England and Ireland, and is one of the most iconic figures in history. She was a virgin queen who saw herself as wedded to her country, and who brought almost half a century of stability after the turmoil of her siblings’ short reigns. Before she was queen, she was a political prisoner. And she was the only English queen who never married. -
Period: 1545 to 1563
Counter Reformation
The counter reformation was started by the Roman Catholic Church in reaction to the Protestant reformation. The main goals of the Counter Reformation were to get church members to remain loyal by increasing their faith, to eliminate some of the abuses the protestants criticized and to reaffirm principles that the protestants were against. And the massive turmoil that the Reformation caused had a lasting impact on European politics. -
Period: to
Era of the Samurai
The samurai were the warriors of premodern Japan. They later made up the ruling military class that eventually became the highest ranking social caste of the Edo Period. Samurai employed a range of weapons such as bows and arrows, spears and guns, but their main weapon and symbol was the sword. -
William Shakespeare's Death
He wrote 38 plays and 154 sonnets. He had three children, Susanna, Hamnet and Juliet. Shakespeare is widely considered to be the greatest writer in the English language. -
Taj Mahal Completed
Construction of the Taj Mahal cost an estimated 32 million Indian rupees (the equivalent of over US $1 billion at the time). It was built by Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his wife Mumtaz Mahal. She was his third wife and was in labor for 30 hours before she died at age 40. The Taj Mahal took an estimated 22 years to build. -
Lord George MaCartney Expelled
He led the Macartney Embassy to Beijing in 1792 with a large British delegation on board a 64-gun man-of-war. The failure to obtain trade concessions was not due to Macartney's refusal to kowtow in the presence of the Qianlong Emperor, as is commonly believed. His ill health compelled him to resign in November 1798. -
Period: to
Opium war
The Opium Wars arose from China’s attempts to suppress the opium trade. Foreign traders had been illegally exporting opium mainly from India to China since the 18th century, but that trade grew dramatically from about 1820. The resulting widespread addiction in China was causing serious social and economic disruption there.
