Summative Part 1

  • Art develops during the pre-dynastic period in Egypt
    6000 BCE

    Art develops during the pre-dynastic period in Egypt

    The Predynastic Period is the period from the Paleolithic to the Neolithic and until the beginning of the First Dynasty.
  • 6000 BCE

    Art in Egypt

  • Artwork becomes more elaborate during the Early Dynastic Period in Egypt
    3150 BCE

    Artwork becomes more elaborate during the Early Dynastic Period in Egypt

    In this period the regions of Upper Egypt came together as one country under a centralized government.
  • The Narmer Palette is created, a high point in Egyptian art of the period
    3150 BCE

    The Narmer Palette is created, a high point in Egyptian art of the period

    The Narmer Palette is an Egyptian ceremonial icon, which is about 64cm high and shaped like a shield, representing King Narmer of the First Dynasty, who united the lower and upper Egypt, by conquering his enemies.
  • Imhotep creates King Djoser's Step Pyramid and Pyramid Complex at Saqqara, Egypt
    2670 BCE

    Imhotep creates King Djoser's Step Pyramid and Pyramid Complex at Saqqara, Egypt

  • Art becomes standardized by the king during the Old Kingdom of Egypt
    2613 BCE

    Art becomes standardized by the king during the Old Kingdom of Egypt

    The 4th Dynasty includes the Old Kingdom of Egypt when King Sneferu improved the art of pyramid building.
  • Egyptians invent the technique of filigree in the manufacture of gold objects
    2500 BCE

    Egyptians invent the technique of filigree in the manufacture of gold objects

  • Art is mass-produced during the First Intermediate Period of Egypt
    2181 BCE

    Art is mass-produced during the First Intermediate Period of Egypt

    The First Intermediate Period of Egypt was the era that came after the Old Kingdom and came before the Middle Kingdom period.
  • Art reaches its greatest height during the Middle Kingdom of Egypt
    2040 BCE

    Art reaches its greatest height during the Middle Kingdom of Egypt

    During The Middle Kingdom (Egypt Classical Age) some of the greatest works of art and literature of this culture were produced.
  • Art is influenced by the Hyksos and Nubians during the Second Intermediate Period of Egypt
    1782 BCE

    Art is influenced by the Hyksos and Nubians during the Second Intermediate Period of Egypt

    The Second Intermediate Period was the era that came after the Middle Kingdom of Egypt and before the New Kingdom.
  • Styles and techniques of other cultures influence Egyptian art during the period of the New Kingdom. Some of the most famous works created
    1570 BCE

    Styles and techniques of other cultures influence Egyptian art during the period of the New Kingdom. Some of the most famous works created

    Following the disunity of the Second Intermediate Period came the New Kingdom era.
  • Composition of the Egyptian Book of the Dead
    1550 BCE

    Composition of the Egyptian Book of the Dead

    In this book, there is a collection of spells that allow the soul of a dead person to navigate the afterlife.
  • Life of Egyptian queen Nefertiti
    1370 BCE

    Life of Egyptian queen Nefertiti

    Nefertiti was the wife of the pharaoh Akhenaten of the 18th Dynasty of Egypt.
  • Reign of Ramesses II (The Great) in Egypt
    1279 BCE

    Reign of Ramesses II (The Great) in Egypt

    Claiming to have won a decisive victory over the Hittites in the battle of Kadesh, Ramesses II, who was the third pharaoh of the 19th dynasty, used this event to enhance his reputation as a good warrior.
  • Probable dates for the construction of Abu Simbel
    1264 BCE

    Probable dates for the construction of Abu Simbel

    Located on the Nile's second cataract, Abu Simbel is a complex of ancient temples that were built on a rock-solid cliff.
  • The artwork of the Third Intermediate Period of Egypt tries to carry on New Kingdom standards with varying levels of success
    1069 BCE

    The artwork of the Third Intermediate Period of Egypt tries to carry on New Kingdom standards with varying levels of success

    The Third Intermediate Period was the era that came after the New Kingdom of Egypt and before the Final Period.
  • Art of the Late Period of Ancient Egypt is influenced by Persian and Kushite rule
    525 BCE

    Art of the Late Period of Ancient Egypt is influenced by Persian and Kushite rule

    The late period of Egypt was the era that came after the third intermediate period and before the brief Hellenistic period in which Egypt was governed by the Argead officers installed by Alexander.
  • Egyptian art fuses with Greek styles during the Ptolemaic Dynasty
    323 BCE

    Egyptian art fuses with Greek styles during the Ptolemaic Dynasty

  • Egyptian art combines with Roman in Roman Egypt
    30 BCE

    Egyptian art combines with Roman in Roman Egypt

    Egypt became property of Rome after the death of Cleopatra VII in 30 BC, and this event marked the end of the Ptolemaic dynasty which ruled Egypt since the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BCE.
  • 10 BCE

    Art in Rome

  • Statue of Augustus as Pontifex Maximus sculpted
    10 BCE

    Statue of Augustus as Pontifex Maximus sculpted

    Besides being the first, Augustus Caesar, was by many, considered the greatest emperor of Rome.
  • A massive altar the Ara Pacis is completed by Augustus in Rome
    9 BCE

    A massive altar the Ara Pacis is completed by Augustus in Rome

    Born in Gaius Octavius ​​Thurinus on September 23, 63 BC, Augustus Caesar was the name of the first and, by a lot of people, the greatest Roman emperor.
  • The pupil and iris of the eye began to be sculpted in the marble sculpture in Rome
    100

    The pupil and iris of the eye began to be sculpted in the marble sculpture in Rome

  • Celebrating the emperor's campaigns in Dacia, Trajan's column was built
    113

    Celebrating the emperor's campaigns in Dacia, Trajan's column was built

    Trajan was Roman emperor from 98 to 117 CE, he was as a ruler of favorable disposition, and had his reign known for public projects.
  • They carved the colossal marble statue of Antinous
    130

    They carved the colossal marble statue of Antinous

    He was the favorite and most beloved Roman emperor. He was deified with that he was worshiped in the Greek East and the Latin West.
  • A huge bronze statue of Marcus Aurelius on a horse was built in Rome
    176

    A huge bronze statue of Marcus Aurelius on a horse was built in Rome

    Known as the author of the philosophical work Meditations, Marcus Aurelius was Roman emperor from 161 to 180 CE.
  • The Column of Marcus Aurelius and Faustina was built in Rome
    180

    The Column of Marcus Aurelius and Faustina was built in Rome

    With relief sculptures all around it,the column shows how the emperor's campaigns throughout the Danube went.
  • The bust of Commodus as Hercules is sculpted
    192

    The bust of Commodus as Hercules is sculpted

    Commodus was the son of Marcus Aurelius, emperor who was in power before him. Commodus ruled from 180 to 192. He compared himself to the hero Hercules, so this sculpture was constructed, to represent this comparison.
  • 500

    Art in Dark Ages

  • It was the beginning of Byzantine art and the beginning of medieval art (c.450-1450). In addition, during this period, panel painting , orthodox icon painting, and mosaic art flourish began.
    500

    It was the beginning of Byzantine art and the beginning of medieval art (c.450-1450). In addition, during this period, panel painting , orthodox icon painting, and mosaic art flourish began.

  • Being an example of Byzantine architecture, Hagia Sophia built in Constantinople.
    532

    Being an example of Byzantine architecture, Hagia Sophia built in Constantinople.

  • Illuminated Celtic / Saxon gospel manuscripts were written.
    550

    Illuminated Celtic / Saxon gospel manuscripts were written.

  • Oils were first used in oil resin varnishes and for stone and glass painting.
    700

    Oils were first used in oil resin varnishes and for stone and glass painting.

  • Under Charlemagne I, medieval Christian works of art appear during the pre-Romanesque era of the Carolingian Renaissance. Byzantine art was combined with western Christian themes to create biblical texts.
    780

    Under Charlemagne I, medieval Christian works of art appear during the pre-Romanesque era of the Carolingian Renaissance. Byzantine art was combined with western Christian themes to create biblical texts.