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6000 BCE
Writing System
The Egyptian writing system began with pictograms, but changed over time. They had characters that had certain sounds so they could write out names and ideas. They also had hieroglyphics, pictures that stood for words, found in tombs, temples, and other places. Today we use writing/language as a way to communicate, tell stories, show emotions, record events, and so much more. -
3000 BCE
Medical System
The Ancient Egyptian medical system was quite advanced for the resources they had. Although very different from what we use today, some methods are quite similar. The Egyptians had specialists in many areas such as pharmacology, dentistry, surgical procedures and gynecology. They had fairly advanced information on different diseases, pregnancy/child birth, surgical procedures, and spells for general healing. Heka was the god of magic and medicine. -
Period: 2686 BCE to 2181 BCE
Old Kingdom
The Old Kingdom was the first of three Kingdoms representing different parts in Egyptian history. It is also called the "Age of the Pyramids". In the Old Kingdom the Egyptians had quite simple weapons and tools, like the spear, bow, and copper chisel. It was the beginning of improved architecture and medicine, and a more complex economy and society. -
Period: 2040 BCE to 1786 BCE
Middle Kingdom
The Middle Kingdom was the second of the three Kingdoms. During this Kingdom, Egypt developed more advanced technologies like the first metal arrow and mallet-driven chisels. The Hyksos took control of Egypt for a period of time in the Middle Kingdom, but the Egyptians grew strong enough to regain control. -
1841 BCE
Senusret III - Middle Kingdom
Senusret III reigned until 1841 BCE. He had many military accomplishments, especially in Nubia. He expanded and secured Egypt's borders, expanded the fortresses along the Nile, improved trade, and lead them through an era of peace and prosperity. Most of his interests were with Northern Egypt, but he did not neglect Southern Egypt. He was very considerate of all his people. -
Period: 1567 BCE to 1085 BCE
New Kingdom
The New Kingdom was the third and final Kingdom. It was the most prosperous time for Egypt. They adapted the horse-drawn chariot from the Hyksos and invaded many surrounding nations, building up their wealth and boundaries. The New Kingdom is often referred to as the Egyptian Empire. -
1479 BCE
Thutmose III - New Kingdom
Thutmose III reigned until 1425 BCE. He made at least 16 raids during his reign and was humane to those captured. Thutmose III expanded Egypt's boundaries more than any other Pharaoh, accumulated much wealth for them, and lead them to what is called a "Pax Egyptica", a time of peace and prosperity. -
1290 BCE
Ramessess II - New Kingdom
Remessess II reigned until 1224 BCE. Ramessess II recovered lost land, strengthened trade routes, and was responsible for the peak of Egypt's art and culture. He was part of the first peace treaty in the Battle of Kadesh (Hittites), and after was said to be courageous, and calm due to his brave fight when left alone during battle. -
1000 BCE
Papyrus Sheets
The Egyptians created a type of paper using the papyrus plant. Papyrus plants were very common in Egypt, growing along the Nile river. They used it for important documents, religious scripts, and in trade. It was much more convenient to write on it with ink, than on clay tablets. They kept the process to themselves so they could sell it to other civilizations. These have given us more information on this civilization and we have since developed the papyrus sheets, and have improved paper today.
