A changing nation

  • War of 1812

    War of 1812
    The Federalists opposed the War of 1812 because the policies of the opposing party that declared war, headed by Thomas Jefferson and later headed by James Madison, brought the Federalist stronghold of New England to the verge of destitution. Thomas Jefferson's embargo of American shipping, instead of protecting U.S. ships and sailors, caused massive unemployment, the closure of banks, and created a virtual standstill in commerce.
  • National Unity of 1817

    National Unity of 1817
    James Monroe, the nation's fifth president, embarked on a goodwill tour through the North. Everywhere Monroe went, citizens greeted him warmly, holding parades and banquets in his honor.