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Jan 1, 1497
Vasco De Gama sails for India
Vasco Da Gama began exploring the African coast. In 1498 Da Gama reached the port of Calicut (southwestern coast of India). Calicut had many spices, rare silks, and precious gems that filled ships. The final amount of cargo was worth 60 times the cost of the voyage. -
Industrial Revolution in Britain
British farmers made enclosures in their farms to experirment new ways to produce crops faster. They also made crop rotations. Machines did the jobs instead of by hand. -
Decline of the Mughal Empire
End of Aurangzeb's reign. he drained the empire of all it's resources. Over two million people died of famine. -
Establishments of the British East India Company
set up trading posts in bombay, Madras, and Calcutta. -
British overcome French and take control of India
Robert clive led East India Company troops ina a victory over Indian forces allied with the French at the Battle of Plassay. -
British colonized India
1757-1947. respected all treaties the East India Company made, let Indian states that were free, stay independent. But British always had more power over everything. -
Creation of the Indian National Congress (INC)
Indians were fed up with being second class citizens in their own country. They made groups focusing on specific problems they wanted to fix, or change. -
Sepoy rebellion
rifles were greased with beef and pork fat. (which goes against both Hindu and Muslim religion). The rebellion spread throughout northern and central India. East India Company took more than a year to gain control again. British took direct command of India. -
Creation of the Muslim League
-Founded to protect muslim interests
-Muhammad Ali Jinnah was the leader
-Members felt that the Hindu congress party only looked out for Hindu interests, not anybody else's. -
Amritsar Massacre
People were unaware that British banned public meetings.
British thought they were defying the ban on purpose and were shooting at them for 10 minutes, 400 people died and 1200 were injured. Most Indians, after hearing of the massacre, changed from loyal British subjects to nationalist. -
Rowlett Act
laws that allowed government to jail protesters without trial for as long as two years. -
Mohandas Ghandi's leadership of the INC
Ghandi's stradegy for battling injustice evolved from his deeple religious approach to political activity. He blended ideas from all religions, and attracted many followers. -
Ghandi's travels stressing nonviolent resistence
called for Indians to refuse to buy British goods, attend government schools, pay british taxes, or vote in elections, everything usually led to riots with violence anyway. -
The Salt March
wanted to defy the hated salt acts, so Ghandi and his followers walked about 240 miles to the seacoast and collected water and waited for it to evaporate. About 60,000 people, including Ghandi were arrested at further protests. -
Government of India Act
provided local self-government and limited democratic elections, but not total independence. -
WW2 riots between Hindu's and Muslim's
Muslims resisted attempts to include Hindu's in Indian government dominated by Hindu's.four days of classes in Calcutta left more than 5000 dead, and 15,000 hurt. -
Partition
term given to the division of India into separate Hindu and Muslim nations. -
Indian/Pakistan independence
the administration of courts, the military, the railways, the police, (the whole civil service), the Hindus, Muslims, and Sikhs had to decide which nations to go to. -
Ghandi's death
Ghandi went to Indian capital of Delhi to plead for fair treatment of Muslim refugees. While there, Hindu extremeist shot him and killed him.