the internet

By lewis_gale

  • President Eisenhower requests funds to create ARPA. Approved as a line item in Air Force appropriations bill.

    President Eisenhower requests funds to create ARPA. Approved as a line item in Air Force appropriations bill.
  • Period: to

    internet

  • . Len Kleinrock, Professor of Computer Science at UCLA, writes first paper on packet switching, "Information Flow in Large Communications Nets." Paper published in RLE Quarterly Progress Report.

    . Len Kleinrock, Professor of Computer Science at UCLA, writes first paper on packet switching, "Information Flow in Large Communications Nets." Paper published in RLE Quarterly Progress Report.

  • •J.C.R. Licklider & W. Clark write first paper on Internet Concept, "On-Line Man Computer Communications."• Len Kleinrock writes Communication Nets, which describes design for packet switching network; used for ARPAnet

    •J.C.R. Licklider & W. Clark write first paper on Internet Concept, "On-Line Man Computer Communications."
    • Len Kleinrock writes Communication Nets, which describes design for packet switching network; used for ARPAnet

  • . Paul Baran writes, "On Distributed Communications Networks," first paper on using message blocks to send info across a decentralized networktopology(Nodes and Links)

    . Paul Baran writes, "On Distributed Communications Networks," first paper on using message blocks to send info across a decentralized networktopology(Nodes and Links)

  • 1969 – The ARPA was introduced online as a connection between 4 major universities in the US.

    1969 – The ARPA was introduced online as a connection between 4 major universities in the US.

  • 1972 – Ray Tomlinson, a computer scientist in Cambridge Massachusetts, introduced the electronic mail. The symbol @ was used in the email address to separate the name of the user and the name of the network.

    1972 – Ray Tomlinson, a computer scientist in Cambridge Massachusetts, introduced the electronic mail. The symbol @ was used in the email address to separate the name of the user and the name of the network.

  • 1973-- Global Networking becomes a realityFirst international connections to the ARPANET: University College of London (England) and Royal Radar Establishment (Norway)Ethernet outlined -- this how local networks are basically connected today.Internet idea

    1973
    -- Global Networking becomes a reality
    First international connections to the ARPANET: University College of London (England) and Royal Radar Establishment (Norway)
    Ethernet outlined -- this how local networks are basically connected today.
    Internet ideas started.
    Gateway architecture sketched on back of envelope in hotel lobby in San Francisco. Gateways define how large networks (maybe of different architecture) can be connected together.
    File Transfer protocol specified -- how computers s

  • 1974-- Packets become mode of transferTransmission Control Program (TCP) specified. Packet network Intercommunication -- the basis of Internet Communication.Telenet, a commercial version of ARPANET, opened -- the first public packet data service.

    1974
    -- Packets become mode of transfer
    Transmission Control Program (TCP) specified. Packet network Intercommunication -- the basis of Internet Communication.
    Telenet, a commercial version of ARPANET, opened -- the first public packet data service.

  • 976-- Networking comes to manyQueen Elizabeth sends out an e-mail.UUCP (Unix-to-Unix CoPy) developed at AT&T Bell Labs and distributed with UNIX.Why is this relevant? UNIX was and still is the main operating system used by universities and research establ

    976
    -- Networking comes to many
    Queen Elizabeth sends out an e-mail.
    UUCP (Unix-to-Unix CoPy) developed at AT&T Bell Labs and distributed with UNIX.
    Why is this relevant? UNIX was and still is the main operating system used by universities and research establishments.
    These machines could now ``talk'' over a network.
    Networking exposed to many users worldwide.

  • 1977-- E-mail takes off, Internet becomes a realityNumber of hosts breaks 100.THEORYNET provides electronic mail to over 100 researchers in computer science (using a locally developed E-mail system and TELENET for access to server).Mail specificationFirst

    1977
    -- E-mail takes off, Internet becomes a reality
    Number of hosts breaks 100.
    THEORYNET provides electronic mail to over 100 researchers in computer science (using a locally developed E-mail system and TELENET for access to server).
    Mail specification
    First demonstration of ARPANET/Packet Radio Net/SATNET operation of Internet protocols over gateways.

  • 1979-- News Groups bornComputer Science Department research computer network established in USA.USENET established using UUCP.Why is this relevant? USENET still thrives today.A collection of discussions groups, news groups.3 news groups established by the

    1979
    -- News Groups born
    Computer Science Department research computer network established in USA.
    USENET established using UUCP.
    Why is this relevant? USENET still thrives today.
    A collection of discussions groups, news groups.
    3 news groups established by the end of the year
    Almost any topic now has a discussion group.

  • 1981-- Things start to come togetherBITNET, the "Because It's Time NETwork" Started as a cooperative network at the City University of New York, with the first connection to Yale Provides electronic mail and listserv servers to distribute information, as

    1981
    -- Things start to come together
    BITNET, the "Because It's Time NETwork" Started as a cooperative network at the City University of New York, with the first connection to Yale Provides electronic mail and listserv servers to distribute information, as well as file transfers
    CSNET (Computer Science NETwork) established to provide networking services (specially E-mail) to university scientists with no access to ARPANET. CSNET later becomes known as the Computer and Science Network.

  • 1983-- Internet gets biggerName server developed.Why is this relevant? Large number of nodes.Hard to remember exact pathsUse meaningful names instead. Desktop workstations come into being.Why is this relevant? Many with Berkeley UNIX which includes IP net

    1983
    -- Internet gets bigger
    Name server developed.
    Why is this relevant? Large number of nodes.
    Hard to remember exact paths
    Use meaningful names instead. Desktop workstations come into being.
    Why is this relevant? Many with Berkeley UNIX which includes IP networking software.
    Need switches from having a single, large time sharing computer connected to Internet per site, to connection of an entire local network.

  • 1984-- Growth of Internet ContinuesNumber of hosts breaks 1,000.Domain Name Server (DNS) introduced. instead of 123.456.789.10it is easier to remember something likewww.myuniversity.mydept.mynetwork.mycountry( e.g. www.cs.cf.ac.uk). JANET (Joint Academic

    1984
    -- Growth of Internet Continues
    Number of hosts breaks 1,000.
    Domain Name Server (DNS) introduced. instead of 123.456.789.10
    it is easier to remember something like
    www.myuniversity.mydept.mynetwork.mycountry ( e.g. www.cs.cf.ac.uk). JANET (Joint Academic Network) established in the UK
    Moderated newsgroups introduced on USENET.

  • 986-- Power of Internet Realised5, 000 Hosts. 241 News groups.NSFNET created (backbone speed of 56 Kbps)NSF establishes 5 super-computing centers to provide high-computing power for all -- This allows an explosion of connections, especially from universit

    986
    -- Power of Internet Realised
    5, 000 Hosts. 241 News groups.
    NSFNET created (backbone speed of 56 Kbps)
    NSF establishes 5 super-computing centers to provide high-computing power for all -- This allows an explosion of connections, especially from universities.
    Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP) designed to enhance Usenet news performance over TCP/IP.

  • 1987-- Commercialisation of Internet Born Number of hosts 28,000.UUNET is founded with Usenix funds to provide commercial UUCP and Usenet access.

    1987
    -- Commercialisation of Internet Born Number of hosts 28,000.
    UUNET is founded with Usenix funds to provide commercial UUCP and Usenet access.

  • 1988 NSFNET backbone upgraded to T1 (1.544 Mbps)Internet Relay Chat (IRC) developed

    1988 NSFNET backbone upgraded to T1 (1.544 Mbps)
    Internet Relay Chat (IRC) developed

  • 1989-- Large growth in Internet Number of hosts breaks 100,000First relays between a commercial electronic mail carrier and the InternetInternet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and Internet Research Task Force (IRTF) comes into existence under the IAB

    1989
    -- Large growth in Internet Number of hosts breaks 100,000
    First relays between a commercial electronic mail carrier and the Internet
    Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and Internet Research Task Force (IRTF) comes into existence under the IAB

  • 1990-- Expansion of Internet continues300,000 Hosts. 1,000 News groupsARPANET ceases to existArchie released files can be searched and retrieved (FTP) by name.The World comes on-line (world.std.com), becoming the first commercial provider of Internet dial

    1990
    -- Expansion of Internet continues
    300,000 Hosts. 1,000 News groups
    ARPANET ceases to exist
    Archie released files can be searched and retrieved (FTP) by name.
    The World comes on-line (world.std.com), becoming the first commercial provider of Internet dial-up access.

  • 1991-- Modernisation BeginsCommercial Internet eXchange (CIX) Association, Inc. formed after NSF lifts restrictions on the commercial use of the Net.Wide Area Information Servers (WAIS) Why is relevant? Provides a mechanism for indexing and accessing info

    1991
    -- Modernisation Begins
    Commercial Internet eXchange (CIX) Association, Inc. formed after NSF lifts restrictions on the commercial use of the Net.
    Wide Area Information Servers (WAIS) Why is relevant? Provides a mechanism for indexing and accessing information on the Internet.
    Large bodies of knowledge available: E-mail messages, text, electronic books, Usenet articles, computer code, image, graphics, sound files, databases etc..
    These form the basis of the index of information we see on

  • 1991-- Modernisation BeginsCommercial Internet eXchange (CIX) Association, Inc. formed after NSF lifts restrictions on the commercial use of the Net.Wide Area Information Servers (WAIS) Why is relevant? Provides a mechanism for indexing and accessing info

    1991
    -- Modernisation Begins
    Commercial Internet eXchange (CIX) Association, Inc. formed after NSF lifts restrictions on the commercial use of the Net.
    Wide Area Information Servers (WAIS) Why is relevant? Provides a mechanism for indexing and accessing information on the Internet.
    Large bodies of knowledge available: E-mail messages, text, electronic books, Usenet articles, computer code, image, graphics, sound files, databases etc..
    These form the basis of the index of information we see on

  • 992-- Multimedia changes the face of the InternetNumber of hosts breaks 1 Million. News groups 4,000Internet Society (ISOC) is chartered.First MBONE audio multicast (March) and video multicast (November).The term "Surfing the Internet" is coined by Jean A

    992
    -- Multimedia changes the face of the Internet
    Number of hosts breaks 1 Million. News groups 4,000
    Internet Society (ISOC) is chartered.
    First MBONE audio multicast (March) and video multicast (November).
    The term "Surfing the Internet" is coined by Jean Armour Polly.

  • 1993-- The WWW Revolution truly beginsNumber of Hosts 2 Million. 600 WWW sites.InterNIC created by NSF to provide specific Internet servicesdirectory and database servicesregistration servicesinformation servicesBusiness and Media really take notice of th

    1993
    -- The WWW Revolution truly begins
    Number of Hosts 2 Million. 600 WWW sites.
    InterNIC created by NSF to provide specific Internet services
    directory and database services
    registration services
    information services
    Business and Media really take notice of the Internet.
    US White House and United Nations (UN) comes on-line.
    Mosaic takes the Internet by storm. Why is this relevant? User Friendly Graphical Front End to the World Wide Web.
    Develops into Netscape -- most popular WWW browser to

  • 994-- Commercialisation beginsNumber of Hosts 3 Million. 10,000 WWW sites. 10,000 News groups.ARPANET/Internet celebrates 25th anniversaryLocal communities begin to be wired up directly to the Internet (Lexington and Cambridge, Mass., USA)US Senate and Ho

    994
    -- Commercialisation begins
    Number of Hosts 3 Million. 10,000 WWW sites. 10,000 News groups.
    ARPANET/Internet celebrates 25th anniversary
    Local communities begin to be wired up directly to the Internet (Lexington and Cambridge, Mass., USA)
    US Senate and House provide information servers
    Shopping malls, banks arrive on the Internet
    A new way of life
    You can now order pizza from the Hut online in the US.
    First Virtual, the first cyberbank, open up for business
    NSFNET traffic passes 10 trillion

  • 1995-- Commercialisation continues apace6.5 Million Hosts, 100,000 WWW Sites.NSFNET reverts back to a research network. Main US backbone traffic now routed through interconnected network providersWWW surpasses ftp-data in March as the service with greates

    1995
    -- Commercialisation continues apace
    6.5 Million Hosts, 100,000 WWW Sites.
    NSFNET reverts back to a research network. Main US backbone traffic now routed through interconnected network providers
    WWW surpasses ftp-data in March as the service with greatest traffic on NSFNet based on packet count, and in April based on byte count
    Traditional online dial-up systems (Compuserve, America Online, Prodigy) begin to provide Internet access
    A number of Net related companies go public, with Netscape

  • 996-- Microsoft enter12.8 Million Hosts, 0.5 Million WWW Sites.Internet phones catch the attention of US telecommunication companies who ask the US Congress to ban the technology (which has been around for years)The WWW browser war begins , fought primari

    996
    -- Microsoft enter
    12.8 Million Hosts, 0.5 Million WWW Sites.
    Internet phones catch the attention of US telecommunication companies who ask the US Congress to ban the technology (which has been around for years)
    The WWW browser war begins , fought primarily between Netscape and Microsoft, has rushed in a new age in software development, whereby new releases are made quarterly with the help of Internet users eager to test upcoming (beta) versions.

  • 1998 – The first office of search engine giant Google was set up in California.

    1998 – The first office of search engine giant Google was set up in California.

  • 1999 – Shawn Fanning, a college student, developed a computer application called Napster to allow music to be swapped on the Internet. As Internet shopping became more popular, the term E-Commerce was frequently used. MySpace.com was started.

    1999 – Shawn Fanning, a college student, developed a computer application called Napster to allow music to be swapped on the Internet. As Internet shopping became more popular, the term E-Commerce was frequently used. MySpace.com was started.

  • 2000 – Many Internet users were hit by viruses, such as “Stages” and “Love Bug”, and many companies were temporarily forced to shut down their networks. Investment capital on the Internet dried up, and many dotcoms had to be closed down. Time Warner was b

    2000 – Many Internet users were hit by viruses, such as “Stages” and “Love Bug”, and many companies were temporarily forced to shut down their networks. Investment capital on the Internet dried up, and many dotcoms had to be closed down. Time Warner was bought by America Online for $16 billion, resulting in the biggest merger ever.

  • 001 – The number of email messages sent daily had increased to 9.8 billion. Wikipedia was launched.

    001 – The number of email messages sent daily had increased to 9.8 billion. Wikipedia was launched.

  • 2002 – About 544.2 million people around the world were using the Internet, with 164.14 million in the US alone.

    2002 – About 544.2 million people around the world were using the Internet, with 164.14 million in the US alone.

  • 2003 – The Apple iTunes Music Store was launched and it offered downloads of songs at the price of 99 cents each. 50% of all emails sent were unsolicited emails, and President Bush signed the CAN-SPAM Act of 2003 to reduce the number of unsolicited emails

    2003 – The Apple iTunes Music Store was launched and it offered downloads of songs at the price of 99 cents each. 50% of all emails sent were unsolicited emails, and President Bush signed the CAN-SPAM Act of 2003 to reduce the number of unsolicited emails received by Internet users.

  • 2004 – The amount of money spent online had reached $117 billion, which was a 23% increase from the previous year.

    2004 – The amount of money spent online had reached $117 billion, which was a 23% increase from the previous year.

  • youtube was launched

    you tube was released

  • 2008 – In a bid to compete with Google, Microsoft made an offer to buy Yahoo! for a price of $44.6 billion.Throughout the years, the Internet has grown to become a multi-billion dollar industry, and online spending is constantly on the rise. As such, many

    2008 – In a bid to compete with Google, Microsoft made an offer to buy Yahoo! for a price of $44.6 billion. Throughout the years, the Internet has grown to become a multi-billion dollar industry, and online spending is constantly on the rise. As such, many businesses have set up websites to try to gain a global market, and consumers are responding by making more and more purchases online. This is one of the main reasons why the Internet will continue to grow in importance and become a big part