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The Spanish Viceroy in Mexico City, the Conde de Monterrey, appointed Vizcaíno general-in-charge of a second expedition—-to locate safe harbors in Alta California for Spanish Manila galleons to use on their return voyage to Acapulco from Manila one of which was Monterrey Bay.
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Westerners came permanently to Monterrey in
1769, and that began the slow demise of the Bay until mid 1900's -
French explorer Jean-François de la Pérouse was paying a courtesy call at the Spanish capital Monterey, noticed Sea Otters and thought of the money that could be made from their pelts. http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/la-perouse-jean-francois-de-galaup-2329
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Sea Otter Fur was in high demand in China and traded for quick silver (mercury) used in the extraction of gold later traded for porcelain.
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In 1841,even the Russians abandoned their outpost at Fort Ross, north of San Francisco. Although otter hunting continued until the California Gold Rush eclipsed other forms of extractive wealth, the decade from 1840 to 1850 saw the end of the commercial otter enterprise.
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The upheaval in governance had disastrous consequences to the Ohlone and to the former Spanish citizens who had settled in California.
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J. P. Davenport used exploding lances to deliver them to shore-based vats of boiling oil.
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In Monterey, whale catches peaked between 1859 and 1863. Fewer than forty whales were recorded as taken in Monterey between 1870 and 1900, and after that shore-based whaling in California was dead.
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The Monterey County assessor declared the abalone supply exhausted all the way to San Diego.
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With Abalone industry floundering inhabitants looked toward other industries to make a living. History Of Monterey Bay Fishing
https://www.c-span.org/video/?329360-1/history-monterey-fishing-industry -
The Monterey and Salinas Valley Railroad, finished the first rail link between Monterey and the inland farming town of Salinas in 1874. An economic boom created problems for the Chinese.
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Treasure Island describes China Point and the treasures of the Bay.
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In Pacific Grove, the annual success of the summer retreats gave
life to a growing community. Tiny tent lots gave way slowly to Victorian cottages, and by 1884 a small town of 100 residents was taking shape, the nearest neighbor to China Point. -
Abalone brought a whole Chinese village to the Pacific Grove shore, which had far reaching affects on the Monterrey Bay ecology.
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The salt in which the squid were packed became valuable in China because they disguised the salt and it was not taxed by the Emperor.
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Part of Stanford University and located at Pacific grove
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University of Freiburg in Baden, Germany provided her the opportunity to gain a graduate degree which was not offered to females in the United States.
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The beginning of Monterey's turn around.
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H. R. Robbins was determined to take advantage of this bounty.
He started the first cannery in 1901 between Point Alones and the
commercial wharf in Monterey. Today it is where The Monterey Bay Aquarium is located. -
No permanent lease, moving inland to dry fish due to the smell all contributed to the demise of the Chinese at China Point.
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In the case of China Point, the fishery was stopped not by the collapse of the fished stock but instead by political opposition, economic pressure, and cultural antagonism from the surrounding communities. It resulted in the destruction of a way of life and a village that had lived for two generations.
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Five canneries were operational and the public bought into canned goods. Norwegian Knut Hovden, helped innovate and solve problems for the new canning industry.
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The booming sardine business was not without its price, and in 1919 the state of California established its first Department of Commercial Fisheries to evaluate the fishery’s effects on sardine abundance.
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A new canning industry was driven to unheard-of size on the strength of the sardines of Monterrey.
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1929, the Murphy–Youngman bill allowed 32.5 percent of the sardine catch to be shunted into the profitable fish reduction business. Great for business awful for the sustainability of the industry.
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In 1931, the State of California adopted legislation designating the intertidal and subtidal areas around Hopkins Marine Station as the Hopkins Marine Life Refuge.
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Once more, Julia smashed open the lock. Once more,
Mrs. McDougall put it back. Undeterred, Julia decided to tear down the fence once and for all. Dressed in her trademark hat and wearing a workman-like vest, she brought a ladder and a hammer and an axe and demolished the hated barrier between her and the sea. -
Governor James Rolf signed the law into effect on June 19, 1931, for the first (and last) time granting a city the right to manage its own coastline. On April 21, 1932 a local version of the act was passed by a unanimous city council vote and became City Ordinance No. 284
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Onshore off shore....$$$$$$$$ continued to stress the sardine population
